tahere hasanloo

Trigonelline is known as an antidiabetic substance extracted from plant sources. The trigonelline content and growth factors of two Trigonella foenum ecotypes (Hamedan and Bandarabbas) treated by two Trichoderma harzianum isolates (chit4215MK and T8-7MK) were investigated in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the two ecotypes are different in terms of growth factors with the Hamedan ecotype having more stem length and the Bandarabbas ecotype having more lateral branches and pod numbers. It was concluded that the Trichoderma strains had a positive effect on the growth of the Hamadan ecotypes stem, and the T8-7MK strain showed better effects than the chit4215MK. However, no shoot length differences were observed between the control and Trichoderma treated plants in the Bandarabbas ecotype. No significant difference was observed for peroxidase activity and total soluble carbohydrate content between the ecotypes, treatments, and the interaction effects of treatment and ecotypes. The highest Trigonelline content (4 mg g-1 DW) was achieved in the Bandarabbas ecotype treated with Trichoderma strain T8-7MK, which was 1.6- fold higher than the control plants. Also, the Hamedan ecotype treated by Trichoderma strain chit4215MK produced a higher content of Trigonelline  (3.5 mg g-1 DW), which was 1.3- fold higher than the control plants. The content of Trigonelline in the treated Hamedan ecotype was lower than the treated Bandarabbas ecotype (1.3 times more). Our results revealed that Trichoderma strains are able to regulate Trigonelline biosynthesis, and different strains showed various effects on different fenugreek ecotypes.

In order to evaluate the effect of zeolite application and selenium spraying on some physiological traits and grain yield in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) under different moisture regimes, a study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010 in Takestan at Gazvin province, Iran. The three levels of irrigation factors including normal irrigation based on 60mm evaporation from class A pan (control), withhold irrigation at the flowering and fruit formation stages, zeolite factors including two levels of non-application and use of 10 tons per hectare and selenium was sprayed at two concentration in zero and 30 grams per liter per hectare. The results showed that water deficit stress decreased stomatal conductivity, carotenoid content, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, grain yield and increased proline concentration and chlorophyll b content. Zeolite application of 10 tons per hectare under water deficit stress conditions had desirable effect on chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content and grain yield, also improved traits as stomatal conductivity and reduced proline concentration. The highest grain yield (1329 kg.ha-1) was obtained with zeolite and selenium application together at normal irrigation conditions. According to the results, it seems that application of zeoilite and selenium in areas that are subjected to water deficit stress can be useful in improving plant growth and production.