weighted regression

Today, not paying attention to the correct distribution of educational centers in cities has created many problems for citizens and students. For this reason, it is very important to identify the spatial distribution pattern of schools and the key factors affecting it. The research is correlation type and its purpose is to explain the significant impact of key variables affecting the distribution of schools in the neighborhoods of Ardabil city. OLS regression analysis and GWR have been used in ArcGIS software. The relationship between the spatial distribution of schools and the spatial distribution of the population in Ardabil city was carried out with OLS regression and according to the results, the key variables affecting the spatial distribution of schools were identified. The effect coefficient of each of the key variables was calculated with both types of regression and the maps obtained from the coefficients were analyzed with GIS analytical functions. The result shows that the distribution of schools in Ardabil city did not follow the population distribution, but cultural, religious and sports factors had more effects on this distribution. Thus, the variable of cultural and religious uses has had the greatest impact on the spatial distribution of schools in the old construction areas and its informal settlements, and the least in the newly built areas and towns. Also, the biggest disproportion between the population density and the distribution of schools is seen in the central areas of the city, which are mainly located in the geographical territory of a municipality.

The research seeks to analyze and evaluate one of the most important factors affecting the livability of cities (air pollution) in Arak metropolis. The required data and information have been collected by studying documents, referring to organizations, and in the form of a survey (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research of Arak city and the statistical sample are 384 citizens of the neighborhoods of Arak city. GIS tool and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) are used to analyze the data. The results show that the indicators of livability in Arak are not favorable. On the other hand, the condition of indicators of Air pollution are unfavorable conditions due to the presence of large factories and companies (petrochemical, Hepco, Iralco, etc.), heavy traffic, and the old fabric of the city in some areas. As the results of the spatial analysis of the GWR model show according to the R2 statistic above 50%, the livability of Arak city in economic, physical, and environmental dimensions is affected by the state of air pollution indicators such as (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO2). The eastern, southern, and southwestern neighborhoods of Arak are more affected by this issue. Only the social index with R2=48 and almost average has a lower effectiveness (50%) than other Indicators. Also, the results of spatial analysis show the state of urban livability approaches the desired state by distancing urban neighborhoods from polluting sources.