fuzzy vikor method

The expansion of cities and the increase in the price of land has caused an increase in the number of underground floors and the depth of excavation, and considering that ensuring safety in excavation workshops, in addition to ensuring the health of employees, leads to an increase in the quality of the project, therefore, one of the important issues in urban construction and structures. Is to create proper stability during excavation, excavation is one of the dangerous earth operations. According to available statistics, many people lose their lives every year in excavation projects due to non-compliance with safety principles. In this research, first by conducting library studies, a list of effective risks in sustainable urban deep pit projects was prepared using the strut method, and experts' opinions were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS software. Then the decision matrix was formed based on the desired indicators and criteria and were ranked using a questionnaire and based on the criteria of "level of influence", "level of importance" and "existence of necessary tools." Execution for wide pits", "Execution limitation in projects with irregular geometry or geometry", "Inability to use to increase the depth of the pit during execution or after the completion of excavation", "Too much settling in the pit and causing disturbance to the implementation of the foundation and structure", "the possibility of equipment and machinery colliding with the elements and putting them at risk", "collapse of walls and elements falling", "increasing the cost of implementation in deep pits and large fields compared to usual methods", "increasing Implementation time in deep pits and large fields compared to usual methods", "Falling from a height during work on connections", "need for strict quality control to implement restraints, especially connections" have the highest impact, respectively.

The formation of the Industrial Revolution led to great variations in dealing with nature, population increase, industry progress, construction technology improvement, widespread usage of fossil fuels, increase in dependence on cars, etc. It disturbed the balance between humans and nature. Climate change is one of the main crises that threaten human beings today. Due to the incidence of environmental crises, such as energy crisis, increased pollution, and climate change caused by population increase and high energy consumption, the quality of life, especially in urban environments, has been reduced. In this paper, a list of effective factors was prepared by conducting library studies and reviewing previous research, then a questionnaire based on the Likert scale was used to collect the opinions of experts in the field of urban planning and development in Kerman city. Then they were analyzed in SPSS software. Afterward, the decision matrix was formed based on the desired indicators and criteria and was ranked using a questionnaire related to the Fuzzy Vikor method based on the criteria of "impact rate", "importance" and "existence of necessary tools". Based on the research outcomes among all the identified influential factors, ten of the most important influential factors include: "providing easy access to public transportation", "locating local facilities and services at the closest distance", "accessibility", “Easy access to the natural environment without harming it "," Design and location of green spaces for both recreational and air purification "," Establishment of advanced waste recycling systems (waste as a source of energy production) "," Using national and religious teachings ", "reducing energy consumption", "minimal dependence on fossil and non-renewable energy sources", "Investing in lighter, greener, cheaper and smarter infrastructure", "Using new technologies to use clean energy", "Paying special attention to waste segregation", “Sewage collection network”, “converting waste to Biogas" were identified.