functional introversion

During home quarantine periods, the living environment plays a critical role in maintaining the mental and physical well-being of individuals. The COVID-19 pandemic, which forced millions of people into extended periods of quarantine, brought into focus the importance of the residential environment in shaping quality of life. This study aims to examine the factors influencing the satisfaction of residents with their living environments during quarantine and to provide recommendations for improving residential spaces based on psychological needs. Specifically, the study focuses on residential complexes in Isfahan, Iran. A mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative) was employed to gather data. In the qualitative phase, interviews were conducted with experts in urban planning, architecture, and psychology to identify the key environmental factors that influence satisfaction during quarantine. In the quantitative phase, a survey was distributed to 210 residents of residential complexes in Isfahan to measure their satisfaction with various aspects of their living environment. The survey included questions on the availability of open and semi-open spaces, noise pollution, access to natural elements, the quality of private spaces, and the overall design of the living environment. The results reveal several significant findings. First, access to open and semi-open spaces was found to be one of the most influential factors in increasing residents' satisfaction. These spaces, including balconies and courtyards, provide opportunities for fresh air, social interaction (within the household), and a connection with nature, all of which contribute to a reduction in stress. The presence of natural elements such as light and greenery was also found to have a positive and meaningful impact on residents' mental health and overall satisfaction. Furthermore, noise pollution, particularly from neighboring units, was a significant source of dissatisfaction, highlighting the importance of sound insulation and private spaces. The study also emphasizes the role of design principles such as "functional introversion" and "visual-auditory extroversion." Functional introversion refers to the design of private, peaceful spaces that foster relaxation and a sense of security. On the other hand, visual-auditory extroversion involves designing spaces that allow for controlled interaction with the outside environment, facilitating a sense of connection without overwhelming the occupants. Both principles were found to be crucial in reducing stress and improving residents' psychological and physical balance during quarantine. The findings highlight the importance of creating residential environments that meet not only the physical but also the psychological needs of residents. Given the challenges of long-term confinement, particularly in high-density living environments, it is essential to consider factors such as privacy, access to nature, and noise control in the design of residential spaces. This research offers practical recommendations for improving the design of residential complexes to enhance residents' satisfaction and mental well-being during quarantine. It advocates for the incorporation of open and semi-open spaces, the integration of natural elements, the improvement of soundproofing, and the thoughtful design of private spaces to create environments that promote health and well-being. Ultimately, this study contributes to the understanding of how residential design can play a key role in mitigating the psychological impacts of quarantine and improving quality of life in crisis situations.