جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Assessment » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The pre-marriage education program started in Iran in 1993. The present study had several main goals, and this article deals with the results of two objectives, including the assessment of pre-marriage education centers and assessment of the instructors' satisfaction with the program.

The study was cross-sectional. Ninety-six centers were selected by simple random sampling, and instructors of selected centers included in the study by census method. Data were analyzed using SPSS-18 software.

The mean of overall satisfaction score of instructors with the "pre-marriage education program" was 20.56 (SD=3.753). The instructors were satisfied or very satisfied, including 88.4% with the content of textbooks, 70.1% with the regular holding of retraining courses, 96.2% with the cooperation with the center, 98.2% with the behavior of colleagues, and 98% with the center authorities management for holding classes. The instructors were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied, including 60.6% with the paid amount for instruction and 51% with the timely payment. There was no significant relationship between the overall satisfaction with age, gender, marital status, education, and duration of the instruction experience. A significant relationship was between overall satisfaction with the level of education (p=0.012), employment relationship with the center (p=0.014), and the type of class (p<0.001). Thus, instructors with master education were the most, and instructors with bachelor education were the least satisfied with the program. Official instructors had the least, and contract instructors had the most satisfaction. The instructors of the "reproductive and sexual health course" were the least, and the instructors of the "ethics and laws course" were the most satisfied with the program. The results of the evaluation of centers showed that more than 80% of the centers were in good condition in terms of lighting, heating system, and the appropriate seat numbers for participants in each class. About 70-80% of centers were in favorable condition in terms of the appropriate number of classes, adequate ventilation, the fitness of educational facilities with needs, and adequate physical space for classes. Only 50-70% of the centers were in good condition in terms of cooling system, and access to the necessary infrastructure for online classes.

The promotion of the pre-marriage education program requires the development of the necessary infrastructure and the improvement of the welfare conditions of the instructors. We hope that the results of the present study can help the policy-makers of the health system to improve the monitoring of program.

Clinical evaluation is one of the main components in the discussion of clinical education in the field of nursing. Based on Miller's Pyramid in Education, objective structured clinical examination becomes one of the applied assessment methods to evaluate clinical skills. One of the clinical skills of nurses, especially in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), is mechanical ventilation. This study was conducted with the aim of designing an objective structured clinical examination to evaluate the competence of nurses in mechanical ventilation.

This descriptive study was conducted in 1401 in Tehran, Iran. According to the educational content of basic mechanical ventilation principles and the purpose of the study, six stations were determined and a specialized checklist was designed accordingly for each station. Checking the validity of the content of the designed checklists was done using the opinions of experts in both qualitative and quantitative ways.

Finally, the number of six stations with 31 items with titles; Tubing connection and initial preparation of the ventilator, initial and basic settings of the ventilator, check and intervention in the oxygenation status, check and intervention in the ventilation status, management of clinical challenges and management of alarms were finalized. Scoring ranged between 1 and 5, and the sum of the scores of the stations would indicate the nurse's clinical competence in mechanical ventilation.

According to the results of the present study, the use of an objective structured clinical examination designed to evaluate the clinical competence of nurses in basic mechanical ventilation is suggested.

Social health is one of the most basic criteria of social well-being and an effective factor in improving the quality of life of any society. .In Iran, the Office of Mental Health, Social Health and Addiction (OMSHA) is responsible for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating social health programs. The purpose of this research was to criticize and assess the contents of the social health component of the primary health care (PHC) system in an attempt to revise the contents.

The method used in this study was the deconstruction method. The research environment was all the contents of the social health component provided by OMSHA, and in order to obtain precise data the entire statistical population was taken as the study sample.

In general, data analysis indicated the following: inappropriate screening, cultural adaptation, unidimensionality, role and responsibility adaptation, the preference of treatment to prevention, updating, comprehensiveness and adequacy of basic contents, and comprehensiveness and adequacy of practical suggestions.

It can be concluded that revision of the contents of the social health component of the Office of Mental health, Social Health and Addiction is a necessity in order to improve the delivery of mental health services..

Musculoskeletal disorders related to work are one of the most common causes of absenteeism. In order to reduce the damage caused by these disorders, first, we should try to identify the risk factors and the factors affecting it, and in the next step, evaluate them. The purpose of this article is a systematic review of the methods of risk assessment of ergonomic factors related to musculoskeletal disorders.

In this review, all articles published in Farsi and English in the field of ergonomic risk factor evaluation methods related to musculoskeletal disorders (March 2015 to December 2022) (last search date) were investigated. For this purpose, a systematic search of articles using Persian keywords (methodology, hand carrying loads, observational methods, instrumental methods, self-report methods, physical condition, questionnaire, musculoskeletal disorders, upper limb, lower limb, evaluation risk, ergonomic assessment, posture assessment) and their English equivalents were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of science, Cochrane library, Embase, SID, Scopus, Magiran Iran Medex databases. Unrelated articles were removed using PRISMA statement guidelines, and finally articles that were completely related to the study were examined. GraySource and BASE databases were used to find gray sources.

Initially, 1176 articles were identified from different databases and a total of 82 articles were selected for final review. In some reliable sources, the risk assessment methods of ergonomic factors related to musculoskeletal disorders are classified into three categories: observational (42 articles), instrumental (11 articles) and self-report (29 articles). Pen-paper-based observational methods were among the most common methods used in ergonomic evaluations. Among the investigated individual reporting methods, the Nordic questionnaire was the most widely used tool (87% of the articles), followed by the Cornell questionnaire (13% of the articles). Some occupations, such as nurses, also have specific methods for assessing ergonomic risk factors (MAPO, DINO).

It is suggested that the ergonomic risk assessment methods of musculoskeletal disorders should be multi-factorial (individual, occupational and psycho-social) and specific methods should be developed for jobs with high diversity in job duties.

Background:

 The quality of teaching is strongly related to the characteristics of teachers. Evaluating the performance of teachers, based on the students’ opinions can be beneficial for teachers and education. This study aims to survey the perceptions of dental students about the characteristics of a good dental professor.

Methods :

This is a qualitative study using the content analysis approach conducted in 2021. The opinions of 18 students from the Faculty of Dentistry in Yazd, Iran, were surveyed using a semi-structured interview. After recording and transcribing interviews, the coding and theme extraction were done. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method based on Colaizzi’s seven-step method.

Results:

 According to the results, three main themes were extracted; Personal characteristics, scientific characteristics, and clinical characteristics. Personal characteristics had four sub-themes of teaching, manner, personality, and communication), while scientific characteristics and clinical characteristics had two sub-themes of teaching and manner.

Conclusion :

According to the opinions of dental students, a “good dental professor” is a teacher who has good personal, scientific, and clinical characteristics together, in interaction with each other. Further studies to define the characteristics of a good professor in other medical fields are recommended.

Background:

 The learning problems in the basic sciences field of study can cause further learning problems at higher levels and even in the future career. This study aims to evaluate the educational performance of medical students in basic sciences at Semnan University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) during a ten-year academic period.

Methods:

 This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design that was conducted in 2021. All students of SUMS, who participated in the basic science comprehensive exam from 2011 to 2020, were selected by a census method (n=316). Their information was collected using a a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics and Paired t-test in SPSS software, version 16.

Results:

 Of 316 students, 62.3% were males. Most of them had exams in September 2017 (n=32), while the least had exams in September 2016 (n=3). The best status was related to those had exams in March 2017 (Average grade: 145), and the worst was related to those in September 2017 (Average grade: 100). Overall, the average grade of students in the March exam (128.8) was better than the average grade of September exam (114.2). The highest grades were observed in the courses of pathology, bacteriology, physiology, and immunology, while the lowest grades were observed in the courses of medical physics, embryology, and public health. Overall, there was no significant relationship between the average grades of the groups March and September (P=0.073). The basic science comprehensive exam grades had a significant relationship with grade point average (P=0.033) and gender (P=0.42).

Conclusion :

The educational performance of students in basic sciences at SUMS has not changed significantly in ten years. Long-term educational evaluations of students are recommended to university managers and officials for proper planning.

 Childhood is the most important and sensitive period of human development, and its evaluation is one of the most important tasks of parents and experts in this field. Despite the availability of various scales, it is necessary to devise scales on an Islamic theoretical basis. The present study aims at constructing the first period of a development scale based on a Holy Quran development system (Okhovat 2014-2019) and examining its validity and reliability.

 The research is based on an exploratory mixed methodology. The scale was devised in the qualitative section, while the quantitative section evaluated its validity and reliability. The research population consisted of the parents of children aged 5-7 years in Tehran who were sampled by the cluster sampling method. The sample size was 820 in the main step. In the present study, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interests.  

 The validity (0.78) and reliability ratios (0.94) indicate the acceptable validity and reliability of the scale. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the scale consisted of two fundamental factors, and the loading factor of items was higher than 0.4. In studying structural validity, the scale included two infrastructural factors and eight components. All paths from items to factors were significant at the 0.05 level. The scale enjoys proper structural validity.

 The findings suggest that the developed scale, titled the developmental scale of Tayyeb words, is a proper instrument to be used in the Iranian community.

Considering that ambulatory education as one of the types of clinical education plays a vital role in acquiring students' competency also the importance of the learner’s perspective as a stakeholder of ambulatory education, the present study aims to assess the status of ambulatory education in the educational departments of the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS) from the interns' perspective.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019. This study collected viewpoints of all 50 interns of QUMS who had completed Ambulatory clinics in 8 wards (internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, gynecology, psychiatry, infectious diseases, dermatology, and ENT) by Ambulatory Care Learning Education Environment Measure (ACLEEM) validated questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS-21 using descriptive and analytical statistics at a significance level of less than 0.05.

Among the 50 interns participating in the present study, the majority (66%) of them were women. A total of 80% of them were single. Their mean age was 25.6 ± 2.14. The average total score of ACLEEM questionnaire in all educational sections was 110.5 which was reported in the desired classification. Among the 8 educational sections evaluated in the current study, the status of 6 educational sections was reported to be favorable.

Despite some shortcomings and weaknesses, ambulatory teaching in the departments of QUMS seems to be favorable from the perspective of interns. It is recommended that further studies be conducted at QUMS to evaluate the quality of ambulatory education from the perspective of clerkship and faculty members.

Patient safety is one of the main pillars of health care and, in other words, avoiding any injury to the patient while providing health care. The study aimed to examine patients' safety from the perspective of medical staff in Ardabil city hospitals.

In this quantitative and applied study, descriptive-analytical data were collected cross-sectionally in public, private, and social security hospitals in Ardabil city in 1400. The study population included 189 medical staff of these hospitals in the medical, nursing, operating room, and anesthesiology groups, who were selected by simple random sampling. Data collection was done by visiting hospitals and completing standard questionnaires. SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis.

The research showed that patients' safety status in hospitals of Ardabil city was favorable, with an average of 88.7. Social Security Hospital, with an average score of 95.92, had the highest patient safety score, and public hospitals, with an average score of 87.93, and private hospitals, with an average score of 39.85, were in the next rank. The safety status of patients was inversely related to the level of education of employees and was not significantly related to employment status, organizational post, and type of hospital ownership.

Overall, the safety status of patients in Ardabil city hospitals was assessed at the desired level based on nine patient safety dimensions. Furthermore, implementing patient safety standards in public, private, and social security hospitals has been done correctly. However, it is recommended to implement patient safety standards as best as possible concerning nurse-to-patient education, patient identification, and infection control.

The main format of organizations is organizational policies. Organizational policies (contrary to the common definition) is a systematic organizational approach. For organizational promotion, we need to check organizational indicators. The criteria of organizational indicators are estimated based on organizational measurements. To apply organizational policies, optimal policies need to be implemented. Organizational behaviors should be adjusted according to the organization by managers. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the aim of investigating the position of evaluating the optimal organizational policies of the health system. The current study is a simple descriptive review that was conducted in the uptodate, isi, pubmed databases in the period of 2005-2023, with keywords; Assessment, health system assessment, optimal policy, organizational policy, health system, health system policy were searched. Findings of the article 13 articles have been found at the end of 3 stages of screening. Findings have shown that evaluating organizational policies in organizations requires managers to have optimal organizational behaviors. Organizations' possession of organizational policy is a meta-management approach, therefore, in the form of classical and modern management, the main organizations, like the health system, must have organizational characteristics. Therefore, the managers of the health system need to have organizational policies in order to make micro and macro health and treatment decisions, and the political behavior of people in the health system needs to have an organizational format.