جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "Body mass index" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Introduction
Obesity is a major health issue, affecting over one billion people globally which leads to various health conditions and mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. Mental disorders also affect a significant portion of the global population impacting social relationships. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric measurements and mental health indicators of non-Iranian Students of the Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 689 non-Iranian students. The participants underwent assessments for mental health using the GHQ questionnaire, anthropometric measurements using a body analyzer, and the level of their physical activity using the SF-IPAQ questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSS software including different statistical tests and correlation analysis. Also, a P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
ResultsBased on the results, a correlation between mental health indicators and anthropometric and body composition variables was observed. BMI was positively related to anxiety/insomnia status in the men (r = 0.01, p = 0.03). General health score was negatively linked to SMM (r = -0.12, ρ = 0.002), SLM (r = -0.11, ρ = 0.002), TBW (r = -0.11, ρ = 0.003) and protein (r = -0.11, ρ = 0.002). Conversely, PBF was positively correlated with impaired general health (r = 0.08, ρ = 0.03) and social function status (r = 0.07, ρ = 0.04).
ConclusionThe analysis of this data indicated that individuals with abnormal anthropometric measures may be at a higher risk of certain mental health issues. This finding may warrant greater attention from, health policymakers regarding the potential need for increasing mental health service tariffs and health insurance coverage for certain individuals.
Keywords: Mental Health, Anthropometry, Mental Disorder, Obesity, Body Mass Index -
Background
Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) is an important indicator affecting pregnancy outcome, and thyroid hormones are also weight regulators. Researchers showed that thyroid hormones were correlated to prepregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and GWG. However, the normal ranges of thyroid parameters and GWG depend on the trimester of measurement. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the current knowledge on the association between thyroid function tests and prepregnancy BMI and GWG.
Materials and MethodsThis review was finally conducted on nine articles, while Google Scholar and databases such as Scopus, Medline, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, and ProQuest were searched to find English articles from October 2022 to June 2023.
ResultsThyroid‑Stimulating Hormone (TSH) was positively correlated with prepregnancy BMI, while Free Thyroxine (FT4) was inversely correlated. TSH was positively related to weight gain and BMI in the first trimester, while the relationship was negative for FT4. Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) had a positive relationship with BMI in the first trimester (p = 0.004). Furthermore, TSH level was not associated with GWG in the second and third trimesters, while FT4 was inversely correlated with GWG. FT3 also increased with BMI in the second trimester and not in the third trimester (p < 0.001). Finally, there was a positive correlation between thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies values and prepregnancy BMI as well as maternal BMI, but the data were inconsistent.
ConclusionsDetermining the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and prepregnancy BMI and/or GWG may help researchers and clinicians manage weight gain and/or thyroid function in pregnancy.
Keywords: Antithyroid Autoantibodies, Body Mass Index, Gestational Weight Gain, Thyrotropin, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine -
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disorder diagnosed by elevated blood sugar. Key risk factors for T2DM include obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits. The proportion of macronutrients and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) seem to be associated with the risk of T2DM. This study aimed to assess and compare the macronutrient intake, DII, and BMI of newly diagnosed T2DM patients with healthy individuals in Kermanshah, Iran.
Study designThis study employed a case-control design.
MethodsA total of 105 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were selected as the case group, while an equal number of control participants were selected from their non-diabetic friends or neighbors. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Energy, macronutrients, fatty acids intake, and DII were estimated using ShaFA software. Statistical significance was set at P values below 0.05.
ResultsThe study included 105 newly diagnosed T2DM and 105 healthy individuals. Diabetic patients had significantly lower intake of protein, total fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), while their body mass index (BMI) and DII were higher. Multiple logistic regression indicated that protein, PUFA, and MUFA are protective factors for T2DM, while BMI, carbohydrates, and saturated fat intake are risk factors. A higher DII was correlated with an increased risk of T2DM risk, even after adjusting for BMI.
ConclusionLower BMI and DII, balanced macronutrient intake, and consumption of MUFA and omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in preventing or delaying the onset of T2DM. Further research is needed to explore these associations in greater depth.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition Assessment, Diet, Body Mass Index, Dietary Inflammatory Index -
IntroductionA widespread and significant problem in pediatric medicine, kidney and urinary tract stones are becoming more common as a result of sedentary lifestyles, poor diets, wrong fluid intake patterns, and improper medication use.Materials and MethodsChildren referred to Ardabil City's Kowsar Clinic received sonography and a clinical assessment. In this investigation, 91 children with normal sonography were chosen as the control group, and 91 children with kidney stones identified by sonography were chosen as the case group. The association between kidney stones and BMI was examined analytically using logistic single and multiple-variable regression models, and the odds ratio was shown.Results182 people were analyzed in this study, 50% in the case group and 50% in the control group. Children had one stone at the highest rate (57.1%). According to the multiple variable logistic model, the body mass index has an odds ratio of 0.99. Additionally, a statistically significant gender study revealed that women are 2.29 times more likely than men to have kidney stones. Furthermore, compared to children over ten, children under five have a 4.14-fold increased risk of kidney stones, according to age analysis.ConclusionThese findings indicate that kidney stones and body mass index do not significantly correlate. Kidney stones are more likely to occur in girls than in boys, and in children younger than five.Keywords: Body Mass Index, Obesity, Kidney Stone, Children, Ardabil
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Background
We examined the association of breakfast habits with hypertension and obesity risk among Korean adults and older adults, focusing on sex-based and age-based differences.
MethodsWe collected data from 2,779 adults (1,380 men and 1,399 women, aged 19–64 years) and 623 older adults (289 men and 334 women, aged ≥65 years) from the 2015 Korea National Physical Fitness Project, an extensive survey organized biennially by the Korea Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Korea Institute of Sport Science.
ResultsFor women aged 19 to 64 yr, skipping breakfast was linked to an increased likelihood of developing both high blood pressure and obesity. For men aged 19–64 years, having breakfast irregularly or replacing it with snacks were linked to a reduced likelihood of hypertension, whereas skipping breakfast slightly elevated the risk. For older women aged above 65 years, irregular breakfast consumption or replacing it with snacks was linked to a heightened likelihood of developing hypertension. Nonetheless, there was no notable correlation identified between breakfast habits and obesity in men and older adults. In older men and women, consistent physical exercise proved to be an essential factor in mitigating the chance of hypertension.
ConclusionThese findings emphasize the importance of sex- and age-specific public health strategies, with implications for public health interventions and guidelines that promote regular breakfast consumption and physical activity.
Keywords: Adult, Body Mass Index, Breakfast, Hypertension, Obesity -
Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical implications of metabolic syndrome in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases using key terms related to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Access to subscription-based journals was facilitated through the HINARI program. Study quality was assessed using the adapted Newcastle–Ottawa scale, with a minimum inclusion score of ≥5/10. Statistical analysis included a meta-analysis using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model to determine the pooled prevalence, with heterogeneity assessed using Cochran’s Q and I² statistics. Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plot symmetry. Analyses were conducted using Stata/MP 17.0.
ResultsThe meta-analysis revealed a pooled effect size of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.85, 2.10), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 92.35%). Prevalence ranged from 19.88% to 88.13%, underscoring a substantial burden. Variations in HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and BMI highlighted the heterogeneity in metabolic syndrome characteristics. Advanced statistical approaches enriched the understanding of metabolic profiles and their interplay with glycemic control and lipid metabolism.
ConclusionThis study underscores the critical interplay between glycemic control and lipid profiles in metabolic syndrome. The findings emphasize the need for tailored, region-specific interventions to address its substantial burden and implications for clinical practice and policy.
Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus, Meta-Analysis, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure -
Background
The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in the Vietnamese population has not been clearly defined. This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics and BMI of hypertensive patients and investigate the relationship between BMI and blood pressure.
MethodsThis study employs a cross-sectional descriptive design and random sampling. Participants’ blood pressure was measured 3 times using an automatic sphygmomanometer.
ResultsA total of 5910 individuals participated in the study, with 2138 being diagnosed with hypertension. Among the participants, 20.8% were overweight, 20.8% were obese, and 9.9% were underweight. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between BMI and systolic blood pressure in both sexes (men: r = 0.339, P < 0.05; women: r = 0.324, P < 0.05; overall: r = 0.345, P < 0.05). After adjustments for age and gender, a 1-unit increase in BMI corresponded to a 1.414 mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure. Obesity and overweight were associated with an increased risk of hypertension compared with normal weight (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.67 to 2.18; P < 0.05 and OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.58 to 2.07; P < 0.05, respectively). Conversely, being underweight was associated with a reduced risk of hypertension (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.43; P < 0.05).
ConclusionsThe study found a positive correlation between BMI and blood pressure. It is advisable to manage weight even in individuals without hypertension and utilize BMI as a tool for detecting hypertension within the community.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Vietnam -
Background
Malnutrition affects school-age children's health, growth, and academic performance. Adolescents often consume unhealthy fast foods and follow crash diets influenced by peers, media, and cultural norms. Adolescents with disabilities, including physical, intellectual, sensory, developmental, and mental health disabilities, may face additional challenges in accessing and maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet as they may face additional barriers. Understanding the unique needs and challenges faced by adolescents with disabilities is crucial in promoting their overall health and well-being.
ObjectivesThe study aimed to compare the nutritional status of able and disabled adolescents in Government Vocational and Technical College and Niger State School of Special Education in Minna, as well as their food preferences, eating practices, and the factors affecting their nutritional status.
MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional design, administering 400 questionnaires to disabled and able students. The responses were 100% collected using self-administered structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed, and results were presented utilizing tables and figures, with a statistical significance level set at P < 0.05. The IBM statistical product and service solutions (IBM SPSS statistics), version 27.0 software was employed for data analysis to explore and understand the food preferences, eating practices, and nutritional status of in-school adolescents with disabilities in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. This approach allowed for a comprehensive assessment of the diverse factors influencing the dietary habits and nutritional well-being of adolescents with disabilities in the study.
ResultsThe study involved 400 participants, with 12.8% aged over 12 years, 50.3% aged 12 - 15 years, and 37.0% above 15 years. Females made up 51.0% of the participants. About 40% of disabled participants had inadequate dietary patterns, compared to 10% of able participants. There was a significant difference in the distribution of BMI groups between the able and disabled subjects (x 2 = 26.984, df = 3, P = 0.000). Socio-demographic of the participants based on age and gender showed a significant association with the nutritional status of able adolescents at (χ 2 = 44.593, P = 0.000) and (χ 2 = 4.650, P = 0.031) respectively and among disabled at (χ 2 = 18.303, P = 0.000) and (χ 2 = 23.925, P = 0.000) respectively.
ConclusionsThe study revealed disabled adolescents often skip meals, consume fast foods, and have poor dietary habits. Interventions like education and increased access to healthy food options are needed.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Nutritional Status, Disabled Adolescents, Able Adolescent, Dietary Habits, Obesity, Malnutrition -
Purpose
This study aims to extract carotid wall vibrations non-invasively and evaluate changes in the carotid artery caused by age, BMI, and sex. Such evaluation can increase the possibility of detecting wall stiffness and atherosclerosis in the early stages and prevent heart attack and death.
Materials and MethodsTo extract small vibrations of the carotid wall, the image-tracking method, and optical flow with four different methods were used. The study involved twenty participants, comprising six females and fourteen males, with a mean age of 36.25 years, mean weight of 75.2 Kg, and mean BMI of 25. The posterior wall motion and vibration were extracted using ultrasound RF signals.
Results4 optical flow methods, Gunnar-Farneback, Horn- Schunk, Lucas-Kanade, and Lucas-Kanade derivative were used for all samples, and covariance, correlation, P-value, and R-squared were estimated. Results showed the differences in parameters such as age and BMI with carotid wall vibration. These values for age are (Cov = -0.1891, Corr = -0.6770, P-value < 0.001, r2 = -0.4590) and for BMI are (Cov = -0.0564, Corr = -0.6510, P-value < 0.001, r2 = 0.4238), respectively. For gender as a new parameter, a comparison between men’s and women’s vibrations was estimated. The range of measured vibrations by optical flow methods is about 0.0002 μm to 0.1μm, and the mean standard deviation is 0.04967 μm.
ConclusionThe results presented that gender affects the vibration of the vessel wall, which in men is more than in women. In addition, increasing age and BMI may increase the stiffness of the carotid wall and reduce vibrations that were evaluated previously. Using the Gunner-Farneback method as image tracking for small vibrations is the best way with the highest accuracy.
Keywords: Optical Flow, Ultrasound, Image Tracking, Age, Body Mass Index, Radio Frequency Signal -
Background
The study aimed to detect the association between insulin?like growth factor 2 mRNA?binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and interleukin?6 (IL?6) polymorphisms among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and MethodsThis study involved 500 individuals; 250 obese DM cases and 250 healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the small nucleoproteins rs4402960 (G>T) and small nucleoproteins rs800795 (G>C).
ResultsThe results indicated that the mutant C?allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800795 variant was highly significantly associated with the study group (P = 0.002). The occurrence of genotypes (C/G and C/C) versus normal G/G genotype of the IL?6 variant was highly significant (P = 0.004) in the study group (49.2% vs. 50.8%) compared to the control group (62% vs. 38%). Similar findings were observed in SNPs for the rs440960 variant, in which the T?allele indicated a highly significant relationship (P = 0.0001) with the study group; the frequency of G/G genotype versus both (T/T and G/T) genotypes was highly significant (P = 0.0001) in the case group (34% vs. 66%) than in the healthy control group (52% vs. 48%).
ConclusionThe current study indicated that IGF2BP2 rs4402960 and IL?6 rs1800795 polymorphism were highly significantly associated with the increased risk of obese T2DM among the Saudi Arabian population and presented a genetic model to screen the high?risk individuals with further validations.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Genomic Markers, Insulin Growth Factor, Interleukin‑6, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms -
Introduction
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by CFTR gene mutations, leading to thick mucus that affects multiple organs, resulting in maldigestion, malabsorption, and poor appetite. These factors increase energy needs, causing undernutrition in CF patients. Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used but doesn't differentiate lean body mass (LBM) and bone mass. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a more detailed assessment of body composition. This study aims to evaluate the nutritional status of children with CF by analyzing fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) using BIA.
MethodsThis study included CF patients aged 7 to 18 years from the Cystic Fibrosis Specialty Clinic at Akbar Children's Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Excluded were patients with pulmonary exacerbation, severe diarrhea-induced dehydration, or those who did not give informed consent. Anthropometric measurements were assessed using the Tanita BC 418 BIA device.
Results47 patients (48.9% female, 51.1% male) with a mean age of 10.74 ± 2.99 years were evaluated. Significant positive correlations were found between FM and weight Z-score (r=0.512, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.430, p=0.003), and BMI Z-score (r=0.633, p<0.001). FFM was strongly correlated with age (r=0.814, p<0.001), height (r=0.931, p<0.001), and weight (r=0.977, p<0.001). The prevalence of low FM and FFM was 21.3% and 40.4%, respectively. Low FM was significantly associated with increased hospital admission (p=0.021, OR=15.62).
ConclusionFM and FFM are strongly linked to growth and nutritional indicators in CF, with low FM correlating to more hospital admissions, highlighting the need for targeted nutritional interventions to improve outcomes.
Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis, Body Mass Index, Body Composition, Nutrition Assessment -
Background
Pediatric obesity is one of the most serious public health problems due to high prevalence and negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Pediatric overweight and obesity and some associated factors among students of elementary school in Yazd- Iran- 2016.
MethodsIn this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 1253 healthy elementary school students were selected by multistage sampling. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The diagnosis of childhood overweight and obesity was based on WHO criteria. The parents of the students had the consent to participate in the study. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS version 16 software. Data were reported as mean ± standard deviation or frequency and analyzed by using chi-square test. P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
ResultsIn this study 531 (42.4%) were male and 722 (57.6%) were female. In this study 11.5 % of the boys and 10.2 % of the girls were obese. Also, 10.2 % of the boys and 14.8% of the girls were overweight respectively. Relationship between gender and BMI was statistically significant (P< 0.0001). Obesity was more frequent in boys but overweight was more frequent in girls. The relationship between BMI and father's occupation (P= 0.03) and mother's occupation (P= 0.03) and mother's education (P= 0.02) was statistically significant.
ConclusionDue to the high prevalence of obesity and overweight in primary school children, school-based interventions in this age group is necessary.
Keywords: Pediatric Obesity, Overweight, Body Mass Index -
Objectives
This study detects the relationship between body mass index (BMI), selective voluntary motor control (SVMC) and functional independence in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP).
MethodsA total of 84 children with spastic diplegic CP (levels II and III of gross motor function classification system [GMFCS]), aged 6-9 years with a mean age of 7.09±0.68 participated in this correlational study. BMI, selective control assessment of the lower extremity and pediatric functional independence measure (WEE FIM) were used to assess BMI, SVMC and functional independence, respectively.
ResultsThe data demonstrated the presence of a positive strong significant correlation between selective control assessment of the lower extremity and WEE FIM. On the other hand, there was a negative, significant correlation between WEE FIM and BMI. In addition, a negative moderate considerable correlation between BMI and selective control assessment of the lower extremity was detected
DiscussionFunctional independence is significantly correlated with BMI and SVMC in children with spastic diplegic CP. BMI and SVMC are major factors that influence functional independence in these children. So, they are highly recommended to be part of the evaluation of the functional independence of children with spastic diplegia in clinical settings and research.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Cerebral Palsy (CP), Diplegia, Functional Independence, Selective Voluntary Motor Control (SVMC) -
مقدمه
شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) بالا یک شاخص برای خطر سلامتی است که ممکن است بر نگرانی از تصویر بدن و کیفیت زندگی تاثیر بگذارد. هدف از این مطالعه شناسایی تاثیر اضافه وزن بر کیفیت زندگی و نگرانی از تصویر بدن بین زنان مراجعه کننده به مراکز زیبایی و تغذیه شهر نوشهر بود.
روش مطالعه203 زن با نمایه توده بدنی بالای 25، نسبت دور کمر به دور باسن بالای80/0 و سن بالای 18 سال، به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس از بهمن1402 تا اردیبهشت 1403 وارد مطالعه شدند. داده ها با استفاده از سه پرسشنامه جمع آوری شد: 1- اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی، 2-(نگرانی تصویر بدن، BICI) و 3- (پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی SF-). پس از جمع آوری اطلاعات و کدگذاری پرسش نامه ها، داده ها وارد نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 شد و در سطوح آمار توصیفی و استنباطی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
نتایجنتایج نشان داد که بین شاخص توده بدنی و تصویر بدنی (000/0<p) و کیفیت زندگی (000/0<p) زنان با افزایش وزن رابطه معکوس وجود دارد.
بحث:
از آنجایی که نتایج نشان داد که زنان با شاخص توده بدنی بالا، تصویر بدنی و کیفیت زندگی پایینی را گزارش کردند، پیشنهاد می شود افراد با شاخص توده بدنی بالا، تحت ارزیابی های روان شناختی مختلفی از جمله اعتماد به نفس، تصویر بدنی و کیفیت زندگی قرار گیرند. به طور کلی، یافته های این مطالعه اهمیت توجه به نقش عوامل روانی را در زنان با شاخص توده بدنی بالا نشان می دهد. بنابراین نتایج این مطالعه می تواند در برنامه های درمانی لحاظ شود.ر
کلید واژگان: تصویر بدنی, کیفیت زندگی, شاخص توده بدنی, افزایش وزنIntroductionHigh body mass index (BMI) is an indicator of health risk that may affect body image concerns and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of excessive weight on quality of life and body image concern among women referring to beauty and nutrition centers in Nowshahr.
Study method203 women with body mass index above 25, ratio of waist circumference to hip circumference above 0.80 and age above 18 years were included in the study from February 1402 to May 1403. Data were collected using three questionnaires: 1- demographic information, 2- (body image concern, BICI) and 3- (SF- quality of life questionnaire). After collecting information and coding the questionnaires, the data was entered into SPSS software version 21 and analyzed at the level of descriptive and inferential statistics.
ResultsThe results showed that there is an inverse relationship between body mass index and body image (p<0.000) and quality of life (p<0.000) of women with excessive weight.
DiscussionSince the results showed that women with high body mass index reported low body image and quality of life, it is suggested that people with high body mass index undergo various psychological evaluations including self-confidence, body image and quality of life. In general, the findings of this study show the importance of paying attention to the role of psychological factors in women with a high body mass index. Therefore, the results of this study can be included in treatment plans.
Keywords: Body Image, Quality Of Life, Body Mass Index, Excessive Weight -
مقدمه
اضافه وزن در نوجوانی یک عامل مهم و تعیین کننده چاقی و اضافه وزن در سنین بزرگسالی است و ارتباط مستقیم بین چاقی دوران کودکی، نوجوانی و بزرگسالی وجود دارد. لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی شیوع چاقی و اضافه وزن و عوامل مرتبط با آن در دانش آموزان دختر و پسر پایه ی متوسطه دوم شهرستان بجنورد بود.
روش هااین مطالعه ی توصیفی بر روی 744 دانش آموز دختر و پسر متوسطه دوم شهرستان بجنورد و با نمونه گیری خوشه ای انجام شد. وزن و قد نمونه ها اندازه گیری و نمایه توده ی بدنی آنها با استفاده از دستورالعمل استاندارد محاسبه شد. سایر اطلاعات توسط پرسشنامه ی محقق ساخته و پرسشنامه ی فعالیت بدنی برای هر یک از نمونه های مورد بررسی، تکمیل و داده ها توسط آزمون های آماری Mann-Whitney و Chi-square مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته هانتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که شیوع کمبود وزن در دختران به صورت معنی داری بیشتر بوده (0/001 > P) و شیوع اضافه وزن به صورت معنی داری در بین پسران بیشتر بود (0/013 = P). همچنین تفاوت معنی داری بین شیوع چاقی در دختران و پسران مشاهده نشد (0/085 = P).
نتیجه گیریبا توجه به نتایج بدست آمده از شیوع چاقی، اضافه وزن و کمبود وزن در دانش آموزان بجنورد و کمبود آگاهی دانش آموزان در مورد عوارض مرتبط با چاقی و اضافه وزن، اجرای برنامه های مداخله ای درجهت جلوگیری از رفتارهای پرخطر چاقی و اضافه وزن در دانش آموزان ضروری به نظر می رسد.
کلید واژگان: نوجوانان, چاقی, نمایه توده بدن, شیوع, اضافه وزنBackgroundBeing overweight in adolescence is an influential factor that determines obesity and overweight in adulthood, and there is a direct relationship between obesity in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity and overweight and its related factors in male and female secondary school students of Bojnord City.
MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted on 744 male and female secondary school students of Bojnord City by cluster sampling. The weight and height of the samples were measured, and their body mass index was calculated using standard guidelines. Other information was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and a physical activity questionnaire for each of the examined samples, and the data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical tests.
FindingsThe results of this study showed that the prevalence of underweight was significantly higher among girls (P < 0.001) and the prevalence of overweight was significantly higher among boys (P = 0.013). Also, there was no significant difference between the prevalence of obesity in boys and girls (P = 0.085).
ConclusionConsidering the results of the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight in Bojnord students and the lack of awareness among students about complications related to obesity and overweight, the implementation of intervention programs to prevent High-risk behaviors of obesity and overweight in students seems necessary.
Keywords: Adolescent, Obesity, Prevalence, Overweight, Body Mass Index -
Overweight and obesity have increased significantly worldwide, placing major economic problems on health systems. This study aims to determine socio-economic characteristics, dietary practices, physical activity levels, nutrition status, predictors of overweight and obesity, and their relationships among adolescents.
MethodsThe study adopted a cross-sectional analytical study design. 401 adolescents were randomly selected from five secondary day schools using a proportionate-to-size sampling method.
ResultsBased on the findings, one third (36.3%) of the adolescents were between ages 17-18, with more girls (55.9%) than boys. The number of meals consumed per day among adolescents was 3.34±1.24. Individual dietary diversity score among adolescents was 4.21±1.61. Based on Body Mass Index (BMI), the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys was 5.2% and 1.8%, respectively, and for girls, it was 7.3% and 3.6%, respectively. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis, the prevalence rates for males were 8.8% and 4.1%, respectively, while for females the rates were 10.1% and 5.1%. Regression analysis revealed that the most significant predictors were energy intake and physical activity, with P˂0.05 based on BMI and bioelectrical impedance analysis.
ConclusionThere is a significant relationship between nutritional status and energy intake, the number of meals, dietary diversity score, and physical activity. Physical activity and dietary practices were the most important predictors of overweight and obesity among adolescents. The study recommends nutrition education and public health interventions in schools’ curricula.
Keywords: Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Overweight, Cross-Sectional Studies, Electric Impedance -
Background
During adolescence, nutrition is crucial for physical and cognitive development, yet socio-economic disparities and nutritional deficiencies, especially in girls, lead to health vulnerabilities, including high anemia rates. Despite recent data from the National Family Health Survey, there is limited information on adolescents aged 11-16 years, requiring targeted research. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the nutritional status, determine the prevalence of anemia, and explore associated factors among adolescent girls of the scheduled caste in District Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.
MethodsThe study sampled 450 scheduled caste girls aged 11-16 years from schools in District Yamunanagar, Haryana. Height and weight were measured to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Data on micro-environmental factors, socio-economic and demographic variables, and dietary habits were collected through interview-based schedule. Hemoglobin levels were measured using Sahli’s Acid Haematin technique, and nutritional status was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) standards (Z-score method).
ResultsThe study found increases in height, weight, and BMI with age, with notable spurts at 12-13 years for height and 11-12 years for weight and BMI. Significant differences in height, weight, and BMI were observed between age groups. Moreover, 92.2% girls were found to be anemic, with most of them suffering from moderate anemia. Additionally, the prevalence of stunting was 67.33% and wasting was 64.90% among the girls. Household size, number of family members and menarcheal status of the girls showed a significant association with the nutritional status and anemic of the girls.
ConclusionThe study emphasizes the need of regular screening and timely interventions to improve the nutritional and anemic status of adolescent girls.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Anemia, Nutritional Status, Hemoglobin, Adolescence -
مقدمه
افزایش شاخص توده بدنی در دوران کودکی یک پیش بینی کننده ی قوی چاقی در بزرگسالی است و یکی از مهم ترین عوامل خطر اضافه وزن در دوران کودکی، کاهش تغذیه با شیر مادر است.
هدفاین مطالعه با هدف تعیین ارتباط بین الگوی شیردهی با نمایه توده بدنی کودکان در خانواده های نظامی آجا انجام شد.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه ی توصیفی- تحلیلی 279 کودک 2 تا 5 ساله با استفاده از روش تمام شماری وارد مطالعه شدند. این مطالعه در مهد کودک های بیمارستان های وابسته به آجا واقع در شهر تهران و در سال 1400 انجام شد. اطلاعات با تکمیل پرسشنامه ی محقق ساخته و اندازه گیری قد و وزن و محاسبه نمایه توده بدنی کودکان جمع آوری شده و با نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 و آزمون های آماری مرتبط مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته هامیانگین سنی کودکان 1/12±4/63 سال و میانگین نمایه توده بدنی 15/45±2/06 با وجود اینکه اکثر کودکان (70/9 درصد) تغذیه ی انحصاری با شیر مادر داشتند، رابطه معناداری بین میزان BMI کودکان و الگوی تغذیه مشاهده نشد؛ اما میانگین BMI کودکانی که تغذیه انحصاری با شیر مادر داشتند کمتر از میانگین BMI کودکانی بود که تغذیه با شیر خشک و تغذیه ترکیبی داشتند.
نتیجه گیریارتباط پیچیده ای بین چاقی و عوامل مختلف از جمله ویژگی های محیطی و ژنتیکی وجود دارد. عوامل مرتبط با سال اول زندگی نظیر الگوی تغذیه ای، وزن هنگام تولد و طول مدت تغذیه ی انحصاری به تنهایی نمی توانند پیشگویی کننده ی دقیقی در میزان بروز چاقی دوران کودکی و سال های پس از تولد باشند، لذا، انجام تحقیقات متعدد در زمینه ارتباط چاقی دوران کودکی با عوامل مرتبط با سال اول زندگی توصیه می شود.
کلید واژگان: شاخص توده بدنی, شیردهی, کودکانIntroductionAn increase in childhood body mass index is a strong predictor of adult obesity. A key risk factor for childhood overweight is a lack of breastfeeding.
ObjectiveThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between breastfeeding pattern and body mass index of children in military families.
Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive-analytical study, 279 children aged 2 to 5 years were examined using the full number method. The study took place at armyaffiliated kindergartens in Tehran in 2021. Data was gathered through a researcherdesigned questionnaire, along with height and weight measurements to calculate body mass index. Analysis was carried out using SPSS software version 22 and relevant statistical tests.
ResultsThe children had an average age of 4.63±1.12 years and an average body mass index (BMI) of 15.45±2.06. While most children (70.9%) were exclusively breastfed, there was no significant correlation observed between BMI and feeding method. However, children exclusively breastfed had lower BMI on average compared to those on formula or mixed nutrition.
ConclusionThe relationship between obesity and various factors, such as environmental and genetic traits, is complex. Factors from early life, like nutritional patterns, birth weight, and exclusive breastfeeding duration, alone may not reliably predict childhood or postnatal obesity incidence. Therefore, further research on childhood obesity and related factors, especially within the first year of life, is recommended.
Keywords: Breastfeeding, Body Mass Index, Children -
Background
This study aims to determine the effect of different GnRH agonist brands on body mass index (BMI), weight, and height in patients referred to the pediatric endocrinology clinic of Akbar Hospital.
MethodsIn this cohort study, 80 girls aged 5-8 years diagnosed with precocious puberty cases were included according to the Tanner staging and at the second puberty stage. The patients were classified into three groups of GnRH agonists, A, B, and C, receiving Diphereline, Microrelin, and Variopeptyl, respectively. Height, weight, and BMI were calculated every three months.
ResultsIn group A, the weight (P=0.007) and BMI (P<0.001) percentiles and weight (P=0.024) and height (P=0.021) Z-scores were significantly increased compared to the baseline. In group B, the weight (P=0.024) and height (P=0.020) Z-scores also increased at the end of the study. However, the changes in group C were not significant. In addition, the weight, height, and BMI Z-scores were significantly increased in normal-weight subjects compared to overweight and obese participants. The results of comparing the changes in the weight and height between the three-drug groups showed no significant difference (P=0.142 and 0.161, respectively).
ConclusionThe findings of this study revealed that GnRH agonists could increase height, weight, and BMI; however, this increase was not significant for one type of GnRH agonist. Future prospective long-term follow-up studies are required to elucidate whether GnRH treatment affects final adult weight and height and clarify the difference between various types of GnRH agonists among participants with diverse health statuses.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Gnrh Agonist, Obesity, Precocious Puberty -
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that can lead to adverse outcomes. In this retrospective cohort study, maternal fasting blood sugar (FBS) in the second trimester of pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), and age were assessed as potential screening indicators of later GDM.
MethodsThe study population included information on 4007 Iranian pregnant women documentedby the Integrated Health Record System (SIB) record system (2019-2020).
ResultsIn the adjusted analysis, FBS maintained a significant relationship with GDM (P≤0.001). In the simple ROC analysis, the AUC (SE) of FBS for the prediction of GDM was 0.905(0.09), and considering the cut-off point as 85.95, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) were equal to 0.81 and 0.71, respectively, but by stillbirth, abortion, prematurity, neonatal weight, height, and head circumference not obtained acceptable AUC (≥.60)for detection of FBS cut-off point. The cut-off point of FBS in the presence of maternal age (AUC>0.6) and BMI (AUC>0.6) by GDM was 83.75(Se= 86.4%, Sp= 80.0%).
ConclusionBased on the evidence presented, maternal weight and BMI are important in predicting hypergly-cemia leading to GDM.It is necessary to conduct more precise national studies to standardize the FBS cut-off point by controlling age and BMI variables
Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting Blood Sugar, Body Mass Index, Birth Weight, ROC Curve
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