جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Environmental Performance Index » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Environmental performance indexes are numerical values that provide insights into the condition of the environment and human health. This study focuses on the use of the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) as a multidimensional tool for measuring environmental performance and health in mining companies. The application of SBSC is crucial in guiding mining companies towards sustainable development and human health objectives.

Based on the literature and research background, 75 initial indicators were examined. Subsequently, 28 indicators were selected as final indicators. The Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) method was used for weighting and ranking the perspectives of the SBSC. Additionally, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was designed and distributed among the experts.

The research findings demonstrated that among various perspectives of the SBSC, the "growth and learning" perspective had the highest average weight of 0.48, indicating its superiority over other perspectives. The "society" perspective ranked second, with an average weight of 0.24, while the "environment and health" perspective ranked third, with an average weight of 0.22. Finally, the "economy" perspective ranked fourth with an average weight of 0.16 compared with the other perspectives.

The primary objective of the present study was to identify, prioritise, and assess the aspects that influence sustainability, and after that provide a complete framework for evaluating sustainability performance in the mining industry. To achieve this, a sophisticated theoretical framework called SBSC was introduced. This framework provides a strong means of measuring and evaluating sustainable performance in mining and related sectors.

This study aimed to evaluate the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) in the field of climate changes in Iran in 2020, to compare these indexes in the Middle East countries and developed countries, and to evaluate the relationship between these indexes and gross domestic product (GDP) in Iran and some of the Middle East countries, as well as 10 developed countries in the world.

Data related to the EPI in the field of climate changes and GDP were extracted from the database of the Yale University (https://epi.yale.edu) and the World Bank. The relationship between them was investigated using linear regression analysis.

The results showed that in 2020, Iran was ranked fourteenth and sixth among the studied countries, in terms of carbon dioxide growth rate and black carbon growth rate, respectively. It has also been ranked first in terms of carbon dioxide from land cover. Also, Iran was ranked eleventh among the Middle East countries and developed countries in terms of methane (CH4) growth rate and was ranked sixth among the Middle East countries in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) per capita and 13th among all studied countries. However, a significant relationship was observed between changes in GDP with GHG emissions of EPI (R2 = 0.82).

Based on the Iran’s ranking in the field of climate change performance index, planning to reduce CHGs generation is necessary. Also, education of citizens in the field of methods to reduce greenhouse effects should be done by environmental policy makers.

Economic growth has a direct impact on public health expenditures; also, itindirectly affects public health expenditures through the environment’s quality. Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the relationship between environmental performance index,economic growth, and public health expenditures in countries with high and very highhuman development index. The present descriptive-analytical and applied study was performed on 16 countrieswith high and very high human development index. The time-series data required for theyears 2006-2018 were extracted from the World Bank and United Nations database andenvironmental performance index extracted from the Yale University website. Im, Pesaranand Shin (IPS), Levin, Lin, and Chu (LLC), Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF)– Fisher, andPhillips-Perron (PP)–Fisher tests for stationary and Pedroni and Kao tests for cointegrationwere used. The study model was estimated by the DOLS cointegration method in Eviews 10software. The mean environmental performance index for selected countries with very highand high human development index was 79.04 and 64.71, respectively; also, the elasticity ofpublic health expenditures to gross national production, environmental performance index,physician supply, and urbanization ratio were 0.96, -2.41, 0.441 and 0.448, respectively. Increasing economic growth, urbanization ratio, and physician supply hada positive effect, and improving environmental performance index had a negative effecton public health expenditures. Therefore, to reduce public health expenditures, policiesare recommended to maintain environmental sustainability and reduce environmentalpollutants, and to invest in advanced equipment to purify pollutant gases. Maintaining andincreasing economic growth is also essential for adopting policies to increase physicians andinvest in health infrastructure.