ahmed ahmed

In this manuscript, we investigate a (p, q)-Schrödinger-Kirchhoff equation involving a continuous positive potential that meets the del Pino-Felmer type conditions. Using Recceri's classical variational approach, we prove the existence of three weak solutions.

The main focus of this paper lies in investigating the existence of infinitely many positive weak solutions for the following elliptic-Kirchhoff equation with Dirichlet boundary condition\begin{equation*}\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\sum_{i=1}^{N}M_{i}\left(\int_{\Omega}\displaystyle\frac{1}{p_{i}(x)}\displaystyle\Big|\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}\Big|^{p_{i}(x)}dx\right)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_{i}}\left(\Big|\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}\Big|^{p_{i}(x)-2}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}\right) = f(x,u) &\mbox{ in } \Omega, \\u =0 \quad &\mbox{on} \quad \partial\Omega.\end{array}\right.\end{equation*}The methodology adopted revolves around the technical approach utilizing the direct variational method within the framework of anisotropic variable exponent Sobolev spaces.

Malnutrition in childhood has been linked with inappropriate and ineffective complementary feeding practices especially during the first two year of life. Complementary feeding involves the introduction of other forms of foods and or liquids from six months of age when breast milk only can no longer meet the dietary requirements of infants. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of optimal complementary feeding practices and associated factors among mothers of children 6-23 months in Jijiga town of Somali Region of Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional design conducted among 227 mothers of children aged 6–23 months using multi-stage sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire analysed using SPSS version 23. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine factors associated between optimal complementary feeding practices. The prevalence of optimal complementary feeding practice was 49.4%, however 57% of the respondents introduced complementary feeding between 6-8 months. Minimal meal frequency and minimal dietary diversity among the respondents was 52% and 45% respectively. Optimal complementary feeding practice was significantly associated with mother’s level of education [AOR=3.4; 95% CI: 2.26-6.14], being employed [AOR=3.94; 95% CI: 1.08-6.57],parity [AOR=5.60; 95% CI: 2.17-8.67], Antenatal Care (ANC) attendance [AOR=7.23; 95% CI: 2.76-11.91), health facility delivery [AOR=4.20;95% CI: 1.06-7.55] and family size [AOR=3.65; 95% CI: 1.80-7.17) Nutrition education and counselling being provided by health workers to mothers should focus on promoting not only timely initiation of complementary feeding but adequate in quantity, appropriate frequency and consistency using variety of foods combination to accommodate the nutritional needs of the growing child while continuing breastfeeding.

This study focuses on synthesizing three pyrazole derivatives, namely B, C, and D. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) were used to study the synthesized derivatives. Pyrazole derivative B was produced from the chalcone derivative (A) reaction with (4-nitrophenyl) hydrazine. The pyrazole derivatives C and D were produced from the reaction of chalcone derivative (A) with hydrazide derivatives (N-(2-oxopropyl)benzamide and 3-acetyl-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-(piperazine-1-yl)quinolin-4(1H)-one), respectively. The Purification of α-amylase was conducted on pancreatic cancer patients from Iraq, employing three distinct purifying techniques. The experiment yielded a high level of enzyme activity, specifically 7 U/mL and a specific activity of 8.75 U/mg protein. These results were achieved using an ammonium sulfate saturation ratio of 65%. The graph shows a peak in enzyme activity at 3.75 U/mL in the elution area. This peak, fraction 55, has 11.3 U/mg protein activity. The stability of α-amylase was constant over a pH range of 5.0 to 9.0. In the pH range of 6 to 7, enzyme stability is highest at pH 7. At pH 5 and 9, strength decreased. The enzyme was less active at pH 5 and 6 but more active at pH 7 and 9. However, enzyme activity peaked at pH 8.0. The α-amylase enzyme maintained 100% activity at 27-37 °C, demonstrating stability. However, enzyme activity decreased to 50% at 47 °C when temperature increased. The inhibitory effect of bis-chalcone and pyrazole derivatives increased with concentration. The results show that compound B has the most significant inhibitory efficacy, at 50%.

The disease Leishmaniasis is a neglected illness with two major forms clinically including cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis. From almost 100 endemic countries, an estimated one million additional records of leishmaniasis each year are documented. In the past decade, the number of confirmed cases of visceral leishmaniasis has decreased dramatically as a consequence of an improved approach to diagnosis and care and more intensive, though usual cycles may play a role in the severity of disease transmission. In the cutaneous form of leishmania disease (CL), the lesion is located in some parts like the face and arms. Whereas a visceral form of leishmania (VL) disease the parasite infects internal organs such as the liver and pancreas. Reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) record leishmaniasis as one of the ignored temperate disorders for which the improvement of novel therapies is required. Significant evidence gaps remain, and new methods are required before leishmaniasis can be definitively managed. Recent advances in our understanding of leishmaniasis and its clinical manifestations, as well as the immunological aspects of leishmaniasis, are the key objectives of this study.

We consider in this paper a Neumann $\vec{p}(x)-$elliptic problems of the type$$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}- \Delta_{\vec{p}(x)} u+ \lambda(x)|u|^{p_{0}(x)-2}u = \alpha f(x,u)+ \beta g(x,u) \quad &\mbox{in} \quad \Omega, \\\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^{N}\Big| \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}\Big|^{p_{i}(x)-2}\frac{\partial u}{\partial x_{i}}\gamma_{i} =0 \quad &\mbox{on} \quad \partial\Omega.\end{array}\right.$$We prove the existence of three weak solutions in the framework of anisotropic Sobolev spaces with variable exponent $W^{1,\vec{p}(\cdot)}(\Omega)$ under some hypotheses. The approach is based on a recent three critical points theorem for differentiable functionals.

Gas storage is an important branch of technology that has many economic and environmental aspects. This technique could save gas to the need time and contribute to solving the CO2 and global warming problems. In this work, the structure and physicochemical properties of the prepared palladium complex were characterized in the solid and solution states using spectroscopic techniques. These examination methods include ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), metal and elemental analyses, and measurements of magnetic susceptibility and conductivity at room temperature. Also, findings on the surface morphology and surface area were provided via Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques, respectively. High-pressure adsorption measurements were investigated by storing carbon dioxide, and the results proved that such materials own remarkable gas adsorption properties that make them a good option for gas separation and storage. Gases uptake at 323 K for the complexes leads to the highest CO2 uptake. The prepared material could pave the road for further exploitation of similar materials.

In the present work nanocomposite thin films have been prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) mixed with carbon nanotube (CNT) and carbon nano particles (CN) by casted method. The aim of this work produce texture of PVA with CNT and CN, the effect of CNT and CN content in thin films nanocomposite were measured by utilizing reflectance and absorbance data. The contents of CNT and CN reinforcement in the PVA matrix increase the optical properties such as reflectance, absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction factor. But the transmittance and reflectance of thin films nanocomposite (PVA-0.05CNT, PVA-0.05CN, and PVA-0.025CNT-0.025CN) decreased, on anther hand the conductivity and dielectric constant were increased. The direct allowed transition of energy gap decreased from 4.0 eV to 2.9 eV, the indirect allowed transition of energy gap decreased from 4.4 eV to 2.8 eV, respectively. Urbach energy was increased from 1.238 eV to 2.711 eV after added the CNT and CN to PVA texture. The scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the particle sizes of CNT and CN after preparation from the experimental method, which used in the PVA lattice to constitute the thin films nanocomposite (PVA-0.05CNT, PVA-0.05CN, and PVA-0.025CNT-0.025CN). The AFM test used to exhibit the roughness.

Young women with breast cancer have been reported to present more aggressive clinical and pathological features, requiring more treatment options compared with older patients. Our objective was to investigate the clinicopathological features of breast cancer in our local young women.

We conducted an observational descriptive study on 100 young women (age ≤ 40) with breast cancer. The subjects were taken care of, at a single tertiary cancer facility, from mid-2007 to mid-2014. We reviewed the clinicopathological profiles and therapeutic strategies.

Ratio of breast cancer in young women was about 13% of all breast cancer patients. The mean age of the patients was 35 years ± 4SD. 56% of the patients had grade III tumors and 46% were in stage III. Hormonal receptors were positive in 70%, while HER2 was positive in 26%. 70% of the patients underwent modified radical mastectomy, 96% received chemotherapy, and 70% received radiotherapy and required hormonal therapy.

This review showed that breast cancer in our local young women was largely diagnosed at advanced stages with more aggressive clinico-pathological features. Moreover, most of the patients received more aggressive treatment options. Therefore, physicians should pay a close attention to breast lumps in young women.

Chronic liver diseases (CLD) in children represent a growing health problem with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to define the clinicopathological pattern of pediatric CLD in Sohag University Hospital, Sohag,Upper Egypt. A total of 151children with CLD were included in a prospective hospital-based study from June 2014 to May 2018. Cases of acute liver illness or hepatic focal lesions were excluded. All patients were subjected to detailed history and thorough physical examination. Abdominal ultrasonography, CBC, liver function tests, viral serology, evaluation of autoantibodies for autoimmune hepatitis, and liver core biopsies were performed for all children. Pediatric CLD comprised 1.6% of total admissions in pediatric department. Neonatal cholestasis disorders (NCD), and metabolic liver disorders (MLD) were the leading causes of CLD (41.05% and 35.1%, respectively). NCD comprised neonatal hepatitis (25.1%), extrahepatic biliary atresia (13.2%), and paucity of interlobular bile ducts (2.7%). MLD included glycogen storage disease (26.5%), undetermined inborn error of metabolism (5.3%), Gaucher's disease (2.0%), and Niemann Pick disease (1.3%). Other causes of CLD comprised autoimmune hepatitis (8.6%), congenital hepatic fibrosis (5.9%), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (4.0%), chronic hepatitis C infection (2.7%), and Budd Chiari disease (0.6%). On follow-up of 89 cases, stationary clinical course, clinical improvement, and clinical deterioration were seen in 52.8%, 34.8%, and 12.3% of them, respectively. The rate of CLD is growing in Upper Egypt and is mainly caused by neonatal cholestasis and metabolic liver disorders. In general, the outcome of children is favorable and comparable to other countries

Cholestatic jaundice in infancy is always pathologic and mainly caused by biliary atresia (BA), and neonatal hepatitis (NH). The early discrimination of both conditions is critical for the outcome of BA. We aimed to assess different non-invasive diagnostic tools in differentiating BA from NH. Forty infants (25 boys, 15 girls) with cholestatic jaundice and final diagnosis of BA (n=17), and NH (n=23) were studied retrospectively from January 2015 to December 2017. All patients were subjected to thorough history and complete physical examination. Liver function tests, abdominal ultrasonography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy using (hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid [HIDA]), and percutaneous liver biopsy were performed for all patients. Finally the accuracy of HIDA scan and liver function tests for differentiating BA from NH, in comparison with histopathological diagnosis, was evaluated. Acholic stool, absence of gall bladder visualization by ultrasonography and high level of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and positive HIDA scan findings were strong indicators of BA. The accuracy of GGT > 250 IU/L for diagnosis of BA was 92.7 % and that of positive HIDA scan findings was 82.7 %. The diagnostic accuracy for using both parameters was 98.1% (95% CI: 94.9 - 100.0%, p<0.001). According to the results, BA can be differentiated from NH by non-invasive methods as presence of acholic stool, absent gall bladder by ultrasonography, elevated GGT, positive HIDA scan findings. GGT > 250 IU/L and positive HIDA scan had high accuracy to differentiate BA from NH and combination of both parameters has increased the accuracy to 98.1%.