behnam masmouei

This scoping review aims to examine the potential health benefits of Anvillea garcinii and its compounds and provide recommendations based on available research. A. garcinii is a plant species in the daisy family that has demonstrated several therapeutic and preventive effects.

This review was conducted with a comprehensive approach. We meticulously searched multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, SID, and Magiran, using the keyword "A. garcinii " on October 4, 2023.

Research suggests that A. garcinii extract possesses several properties that could benefit health. These include anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The extract also displays anti-oxidant properties, enhances insulin sensitivity, and inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Additionally, it exhibits hepatoprotective activity, cytotoxic activity against cancerous cells, anti-fungal, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-bacterial, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-tyrosinase activities.

The diverse health benefits of A. garcinii extract and its active compounds, such as germacranolide and parthenolide, present significant potential for use in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. This potential, especially in treating diabetes, gastric ulcers, and cancer, opens up exciting possibilities for the future.

The primary objective of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of mindfulness-based therapy in improving the quality of life for individuals diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, for clinical trial articles published between 2010/01/30 and 2024/05/30. The search strategy incorporated keywords such as "IBS," "Mindfulness," "quality of life," and "anxiety." The systematic review included 20 studies, with sample sizes ranging from 3 to 95 patients. A meta-analysis was subsequently performed on ten articles, focusing on the impact of mindfulness-based therapy on enhancing the quality of life in IBS patients. The Verhagen quality assessment checklist was used to qualitatively evaluate these articles.The study's findings were presented in two main sections using the random-effects model during the meta-analysis. First, the influence of mindfulness-based therapy on patients' quality of life was examined. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life following this therapeutic intervention (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = -0.683, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = -1.326, -0.039, P = 0.000). Additionally, mindfulness-based therapy significantly reduced anxiety (SMD = 0.679, 95% CI = 0.354, 1.004) and depression symptoms (SMD = 0.496, 95% CI = 0.284, 0.708) in these individuals.The findings of this systematic review suggest that mindfulness-based therapy is effective in improving the quality of life for individuals with IBS, while also reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Given the potentially harmful side effects of pharmacological treatments for these patients, it is essential to prioritize therapeutic and non-pharmacological interventions, such as mindfulness-based therapy.

 Ischemia is one of the most common injuries that is usually caused by reduced blood flow to the tissues. Following this incident, the tissue becomes deficient in oxygen and nutrients, and energy production in the affected cells stops, eventually leading to cell damage, but there is also evidence that restoring blood flow to ischemic tissues can lead to extra tissue damage known as Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI). In this study, we reviewed the relationship between vitamin C intake and ischemia/reperfusion injury to investigate the relationship between vitamin C intake and ischemia/reperfusion injury. The keywords “Vitamin C” or “Ascorbic Acid” and “Ischemic” or “Ischemia” and “Reperfusion” were used in this search. The results show that vitamin C has a positive effect on ischemia treatment in the renal tissue, brain, liver, intestine, lung, ovary, pancreas, and skin.

People experience a lot of challenges during COVID-19 pandemic, and studies that have examined the effects of quarantining people exposed to COVID-19 in Iran are limited.

This study aimed to explore the people's experiences of psychological challenges of home-quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern in Iran.

In this descriptive qualitative study, 44 individuals who were voluntarily quarantined at home for at least two weeks due to the COVID-19 pandemic were interviewed in depth from the beginning of January to March 2021. Purposive sampling method was used to select the participants, and the conventional content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Qualitative data management was performed using MAXQDA 10 software.

Most participants were 31- 40 years old (29.5%), had diploma (38.6%), were married (75%), and were female (56.8%). The extracted data were classified into 3 main categories (Individual psychological issues, social psychological issues, and family psychological issues) and 15 subcategories.

Due to the prevalence of COVID-19, measures such as home quarantine should be taken to control the infection, but it might have adverse psychological impacts on some people, as confirmed by the results of this study. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the mental health of people during home quarantine, so that this method is more welcomed and successful.

Context: 

Research in the United States has shown that nearly a third of transgender adults have engaged in suicidal thoughts or behaviors. The present research was designed to comprehensively estimate the prevalence of suicidal behaviors in transgender people.

 The current research is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of suicidal behaviors in transgender people. The technique of reporting the current research was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) list. In September 2020, the investigators surveyed six international sites: EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus.

 The prevalence of suicide attempts in transgender people was 26.34% (95% CI for 22.54 - 30.13), and that of suicide ideation in these individuals was 44.26% (95% CI for 33.79 - 54.74). The results of the meta-regression of suicide attempts in recent years have shown a declining trend; nevertheless, this result was not statistically significant (P = 0.446).

 The prevalence of suicide attempts and suicide ideation in transgender persons is higher than in the overall population. However, this study showed that the prevalence of suicide attempts has been decreasing in recent years, and suicide ideation are increasing, but these findings were not significant, and more studies are needed to prove this issue.

Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of death all around the world, and the complications of heart disease can reduce the patient's quality of life.Adherence to a therapeutic plan can reduce surgical complications and promote the healing process. This study aimed to survey the relationship between adherence to a therapeutic plan and quality of life in discharged patients after a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Descriptive correlational research was carried out to discover relationships among variables. The study was conducted in Hamadan hospital in 2014. Seventyone patients undergoing CABG surgery were selected by convenience sampling method. Before discharge, the patients completed the Mac New Quality of Life Questionnaire and adherence to therapeutic plan questionnaire that included medicine adherence, recommended care, diet and exercise orders, and incentive spirometry. After five weeks, patients again completed the questionnaires, and the data were analyzed. There was a positive and significant relationship  between patients' quality of life and adherence to the treatment plan. As the treatment program increased, the patients' quality of life also increased (r= 0.695, p <0.05). More adherence to treatment plans in patients undergoing CABG surgery leads to the enhancement of the quality of life in patients.

Trauma is one of the most important causes of death in. Therefore, proper management and treatment of these patients can be very beneficial. Therefore, the aim of this literature was to investigate the extent, scope and nature of researches on the effect of insulin therapy on the treatment efficacy of traumatic patients.

This study is a scoping review of research that was conducted by searching in Scopus, PubMed, Embase and ScienceDirect databases with keywords related to insulin therapy and trauma. In this study, all reports with human and animals as well as cohort and clinical trial studies were reviewed.

Of the 4365 studies, 73 studies met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated, most studies examining the effect of insulin on traumatic brain injury and immune system and the fewest were in trunk trauma patients, especially chest trauma. The findings of this study showed the effect of insulin therapy on decreasing levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α thus decreasing the inflammatory response in trauma patients. Insulin therapy can reduce the risk of infection in patients with trauma and burns thereby reducing the number of days spent in intensive care units and dependence on ventilation.

Insulin therapy can be useful in treating trauma patients but increases the rate of hypoglycemic episodes that require careful monitoring of patients’ blood glucose which can have a negative impact on treatment outcomes.

One of the treatments for depression and anxiety which has significantly increased in recent years in most countries is drinking lavender and chamomile herbal tea. The current study aimed to compare the result of these two types of herbal drinks on anxiety and depression in the postmenopausal women.

The present study is a randomized clinical trial conducted in 2020. It was recorded with the code of IRCT20090304001742N6 in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. The total sample size was 96 people. In the current study, the depression questionnaire (created by Beck) and anxiety questionnaire (created by Spielberger) were used to assess the contributors. Each intervention group received 2 g of dried lavender and chamomile leaves, which were cooked twice daily—once in the morning and once at night—in 300 ml of boiling water for 10 to 15 minutes—as part of the intervention. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, paired t-tests, and chi-square.

The average score of depression in the lavender tea group was reduced from 21.00±4.10 to 18.56±3.24 (P<0.001). In the group which consumed chamomile herbal tea, the average score of depression in the pre-intervention stage was 22.00±3.97, while after consuming chamomile herbal tea, it decreased to 18.31±3.05 (P<0.001). The mean score of depression among the groups that used lavender and the control group showed a significant difference. Although there was a non-significant difference between the average anxiety (state and trait) scores in the control group at the start and end of the study (P=0.058, P=0.083), there was a significant difference between the mean anxiety (state and trait) scores in the intervention groups before and after the intervention (P<0.001). Furthermore, the average score of depression between the group that used lavender and the control group displayed a significant difference (P=0.021).

In general, drinking lavender or chamomile herbal tea could alleviate the level of anxiety and depression in postmenopausal women.

The news of several people being affected by unusual pneumonia at the beginning of the year 2020 in China led to the introduction of a new type of coronavirus as the cause of a new respiratory disease. With the rapid spread of the disease in China and then to other parts of the world, the new coronavirus became scientifically known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting disease as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease has a variety of symptoms and can cause SARS.

This study aimed to investigate the chronic diseases affecting the mortality rate of this disease.

This retrospective cohort study was performed on 7222 eligible patients admitted to hospitals in Sirjan, Iran, from March 2020 to June 2021 with a positive polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19. The researcher extracted information from the patients’ files using the questionnaire of demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, and the history of underlying diseases. The data were analyzed by the SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistical tests, namely chi-squared, independent samples t-test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests.

Out of 7,222 patients with COVID-19, 294 died, of whom 152 weremale and 142 were female (OR = 1.23, CI: 0.97 - 1.55). Moreover, 220 people out of 294 dead cases were over 60 years old (OR = 8.92, CI: 6.82 - 11.67). The most common diseases were hypertension (OR = 3.63, CI: 2.81 - 4.69) and diabetes (OR = 3.16, CI: 2.38 - 4.20). The most common symptoms among those who died were respiratory distress (51.4%) and cough (34.7%).

Themortality rate is directly related to the underlying diseases in COVID-19, and themost common underlying disease in the statistical population of this study was hypertension. In addition, respiratory distress is a common symptom in dead patients, which can be used as a predictor of death.

Adolescence can be a critical period during which individuals begin to cope with self-harm behaviors, and the increasing prevalence of suicide and suicidal attempts in this period is quite tangible in different communities. Given the lack of awareness concerning tolerance strategies in individuals with suicidal behavior, we investigated coping strategies in adolescents with suicidal thoughts.

This qualitative research was conducted during January and February 2019 in which we used the method of qualitative content analysis. In this study, 17 adolescents with suicidal ideation referred to Larestan welfare centers, Fars province were interviewed. In addition, one psychologist and 17 parents of the adolescents participated in this research. Purposeful sampling was done. Data collection continued through semi-structured deep interviews until data saturation.

Two main themes, namely effective coping strategies with 16 sub-themes and ineffective coping strategies with 12 subthemes were extracted from the data.

It was concluded that using appropriate plans to strengthen positive strategies in adolescents, providing them with new positive strategies, and omitting negative strategies can be conducive to preventing suicidal thoughts.

Many reports have revealed preventive and therapeutic effects of Ziziphoratenuior; however, few systematic reviews have evaluated such effects. The present study reviews the physiological and pharmacological effects of Z. tenuior extract and its components.

English articles were searched in international databases, such as Embase, Scopus, and PubMed; Persian studies were also searched in national databases such as SID and Magiran.

Pulegone is one of the most important effective compounds of Z. tenuior, which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-stress properties as it affects serotonergic and opioidergic systems and decreases the gastric acid secretion. Moreover, this compound inhibits cholesterol absorption and synthesis, resulting in hyperlipidemic effects and weight loss. In addition to its antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial properties, this herb contains an antidiabetic effect mediated by increasing the number of pancreatic beta cells and insulin secretion, and inhibiting alpha-amylase. Although its effective dosage has no side effects, the overuse of its effective compounds, such as pulegone, may raise some liver and pulmonary disorders.

Z. tenuior and its extract can have preventive and therapeutic effects on diabetes and hyperlipidemia-associated diseases. Since most studies on this herb were in vivo, it is necessary to design clinical trials to evaluate its effects.

Professionalism is among the major concepts of nursing. Besides, nursing professionalism is often associated with attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors that underlie the successful clinical practice. Personality traits can affect various aspects of an individual’s life. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between personality traits and nursing professionalism. 

A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 205 nurses in teaching hospitals of Khoramabad City, Iran, in 2017. The study subjects were recruited by the stratified sampling method. NEO Personality Inventory and Goze Professional Behavior questionnaire were used to collect the required information. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS using descriptive and inferential statistics. 

Nursing professionalism had a direct relationship with extraversion (r=0.330, P<0.05), conscientiousness (r=0.333, P<0.05), and agreeableness (r=0.172, P=0.014); it also had an inversed relationship with neuroticism (r=- 0.161, P=0.021). 

The Big Five personality traits are strongly related to nursing professionalism; with conscientiousness and extraversion as the most pronounced traits. Nurses’ attitudes are partly rooted in their personality traits and these attitudes affect the nurse-patient relationship. Therefore, it is suggested that these characteristics be considered in appointing nurses in different departments.

Diabetes is a global epidemic with serious complication and there is a clear need for paying special attention to self-management as the cornerstone to optimal control of the disease.

This study aimed to assess the self-management status and its correlation to disease control indicators in people with diabetes.

In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 220 patients were selected from the list of the referred patients available in Lamerd public health network from December 2014 to June 2015. In the first step, data about demographic information and disease control were collected from the patients’ records. In the second step, the self-management status of each patient was assessed by the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire developed by Schmitt et al. To analyze the data, independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.

The mean age of the male and female participants was 56.43 ± 13.50 and 56.46 ± 10.49 years old, respectively. The mean duration of the disease was 6.67 ± 4.72 years for men and 7.07 ± 5.30 years for women. Twenty-one (25.9%) men and 60 (43.7%) women had a history of smoking. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between diabetes self-management status and weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glucose tolerance test (GTT), LDL, and cholesterol. The results of the t-test did not show significant differences between the level of HbA1C (HbA1C7) and self-management scores of the patients (P > 0.05).

Patients with better self-management status were in a better disease control condition with respect to weight, BMI, waist circumference, GTT, LDL, and cholesterol levels. Special attention to the control and management of LDL, cholesterol, HbA1C, BMI, and blood pressure levels is recommended in planning for these patients.

Job performance is one of the most important variables in industrial and organizational psychology and its importanceis clear to both individuals and organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual wellbeingand organizational virtuousness with the performance of high school teachers in Bandar Lengeh, Hormozgan Province. This was a cross sectional study conducted on all secondary teachers in Bandar Lengeh city, Hormozgan Province. 127 individuals were determined by using Morgan table. Measurement tools were 40-item Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire, 15-item of Organizational Virtuousness Questionnaire, and the 12-item Job Performance Questionnaire. Level of statistical significance was set at P<0.05. The majority of respondents (77%) were men. 71% (n=90) of the respondents had a bachelor’s degree. The findings of this study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between spiritual well-being and its dimensions (relationship with God, self-relationship, relationship with others, and relationship with nature) with the performance of highschool teachers (P<0.001). Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational virtuousness and its dimensions (optimism, trust, sympathy, cohesion, and forgiveness) with the performance of high school teachers (P<0.05). Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that enhancing spiritual well-being and organizational virtuousness can enhance the performance of secondary school teachers.

Given the negative impact of cancer on the quality of life, low self-efficacy and self-esteem are common in the patients suffering from cancer. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and self-esteem in these patients. This study was descriptive and cross-sectional and was conducted in Ayatollah Khansari Hospital in Arak. The obtained data were collected from 160 eligible patients diagnosed with cancer using Coopersmith self-esteem inventory and the strategies used by people to promote health and then analyzed in SPSS V. 20. Spearman correlation showed a significant relationship between the subscales and the total score of self-efficacy and self-esteem score (P<0.05). Also, linear regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy could significantly predict self-esteem (P<0.05). Self-efficacy had a direct relationship with self-esteem. By improving self-efficacy, self-esteem will increase and lead to more self-care compliance and initiative in cancer patients.