haniyeh maleki

The aim of the current research is to identify the implications of the necessity of revising humanities curricula based on future studies. The current research was carried out based on metacomposite method (Sendlosaki and Barusav, 2007) and the research environment was made up of all the articles published between 1371 and 1400. The method of sampling was purposeful and theoretical saturation of data. Therefore, among the 53 initially selected articles, 31 articles were selected based on the conditions for entering the research. Data analysis was done by extracting concepts, subcategories and main categories. The findings of the research showed that the fields are worn out, the fields are useless, the fields are not systematic, the fields are not targeted, the structural weakness of the fields, the fields are dry, the fields are not practical, the fields are not dynamic, the foundations are weak. The laxity of the fields, the non-interdisciplinary nature of the fields, there are serious damages in the humanities, and as a result, the indications of the necessity of revising the humanities should be formulated and presented accordingly.

The ABO/Rh blood groups were related to susceptibility to numerous infectious and non-infectious diseases. Here, the association of ABO/Rh groups with susceptibility to COVID-19 and disease severity was investigated in a population from southeast Iran.

 In this descriptive study, information regarding the clinical characteristics and ABO/Rh blood groups was collected from 524 patients with COVID-19 from March to October, 2020. The data of blood groups from patients were compared with those from 7365 healthy individuals during the same period. Data was analyzed using SPSS.

 No significant differences were found between COVID-19 patients and the healthy group regarding the proportions of A, B, and O blood groups. However, the proportion of the AB blood group was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than that in healthy people (11.8% versus 8.2%, P <0.004). When the A group was considered as a reference, the AB blood group was associated to a greater risk of COVID-19 [OR: 1.45 (1.06-1.98), P<0.02]. No association was found between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity. The proportion of the Rh-positive blood group was slightly higher in COVID-19 patients than in the other group. The proportion of Rh-negative patients was greater in severe COVID-19 than in mild and moderate forms (P<0.001). In A, AB, and O blood groups, the proportions of Rh-negative patients were greater in severe COVID-19 than those with mild and moderate disease (P=0.05, P<0.05, and P<0.001, respectively).

 The AB blood group was associated with greater susceptibility to COVID-19, while Rh-negative status was positively associated with disease severity.

The low solubility of the plant-extracted agent like D-limonene in cancer therapy is a critical problem. In this study, we prepared D-limonene-loaded niosomes (D-limonene/Nio) for cancer therapy through in vitro</em> cytotoxicity assay of HepG2, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines. The niosomal formulation was prepared by film hydration technique with Span®</sup> 40: Tween®</sup> 40: cholesterol (35:35:30 molar ratio) and characterized for vesicle distribution size, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE%), and in vitro</em> release behaviour.  The obtained niosomes showed a nanometric size and spherical morphology with EE% about 87 ± 1.8%. Remarkably prolonged release of D-limonene from niosomes compared to free D-limonene observed. The loaded formulation showed significantly enhanced cytotoxic activity with all three cancer cell lines (HepG2, Macf-7 and A549) at the concentration of 20 µM. These results indicated that niosome loaded with phytochemicals can be a promising nano-carrier for cancer therapy applications.