m. taeb

In order to study the genetic control of different traits in maize, a diallel mating was used with 14 inbred lines. Parents and their F1 generations were evaluated in a RCB design with three replications at research farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj in 2006. Hayman and Jinks method was used for data analysis. The results indicated over dominance genes effect for plant height, ear height, number of kernel per row, number of kernel per ear, 100-seed weight, and kernel moisture percent and for yield Gene effects for ear length, ear diameter, number of row per ear, corn cob percent and kernel weight per ear were partial dominance. The increasing alleles for 100-seed weight, corn cob percent and kernel moisture percent were ressecive and for other traits were dominant. The parents which had the highest number of dominant and ressecive genes for different traits were as follow: For yield lines no. 12 and 14, for plant height lines no. 12 and 9, for ear height lines no. 7 and 13, for ear length lines no. 3 and 6, for ear diameter lines no. 8 and 14, for number kernel per row lines no. 7 and 6, for number of row per ear lines no. 13 and 1, for number kernel per ear lines no. 8 and 1, for 100-seed weight lines no. 8 and 2, for cob percent lines no. 10 and 9, for kernel weight per ear lines no. 12 and 2 and for moisture percent lines no. 12 and 11.

Thirty genotypes of pistachio cultivars and related species were evaluated for genetic diversity using three polymorphic isozymes, i.e. Esterase, Peroxidase and Malate dehydrogenase. Young leaves of pistachio were crushed with extraction buffer containing: 20% sucrose, 0.01 M dithiothretiol, 2% polyethylene glycol, and 8% polyvenyl polypyrollidone. Samples were analyzed using isoelectric focussing on polyacrylamide gels containing 2% (W/V) ampholyte. All the three isozymes revealed high degrees of polymorphism in pistachio cultivars and related species. Maximum polymorphism was observed for Est. enzyme. A total of 19 bands in Est. and 28 bands in MDH were observed in a wide range of pH gradient however, in Per. there were 11 bands all of which located in a narrow range of pH gradient. Cluster analysis based on the three system enzymes revealed that all the 30 pistachio genotypes were in 8 main classes and 20 subclasses and the extent of genetic similarity reduced from cultivated varieties to species, which were finally classified in 3 groups. Sarakhs variety, a wild type of P. vera, was classified in a group between cultivated varieties and species.