masoud negahdary
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International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Volume:8 Issue: 32, Autmn 2019, PP 271 -282
In this study, a sensitive and accurate aptasensor was designed for early detection of myocardial infarction through the determination of troponin T (TnT). The successful immobilization of a specific aptamer sequence on the surface of gold that had a high affinity toward TnT was accomplished. TnT was electrochemically quantified. The results indicated that the aptasensor detected TnT in a range of 0.05-5 ng mL and with a detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL. The performance of the aptasensor was investigated by analyzing 99 human serum samples. Both diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the aptasensor were found to be 95%. The use of the designed aptamer-based biosensor could be an essential achievement in health policy, preventing deaths caused by myocardial infarction, and reducing patients with heart failure. The extensive use of this aptamer-based biosensor can also reduce costs, enhance speed, and improve accuracy in the diagnosis of TnT as an important myocardial infarction biomarker.
Keywords: Myocardial infarction, aptasensing, biomarker, bioelectrochemical detection -
زمینه و اهداف
نزدیک 75 درصد از زنان یک بار در طول عمر خود عفونت مخمری را تجربه می کنند. بیماران با دیابت ملیتوس در خطر عفونت کاندیدیازیس واژینال هستند. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین گونه های کاندیدای جدا شده در زنان دیابتی مراجعه کننده به مرکز تحقیقات دیابت کرمانشاه در سال 1389 است.
مواد و روش کاراین مطالعه توصیفی- مقطعی بر روی 100 زن دیابتی مراجعه کننده به مرکز تحقیقات دیابت کرمانشاه در سال 1389 انجام گرفت. نمونه ها (ترشحات واژن)، مورد آزمایش مستقیم میکروسکوپی و کشت بر روی محیط سابورودکستروزآگار قرار گرفتند. آزمایشهای تکمیلی برای شناسایی گونه های مختلف کاندیدا از قبیل جرم تیوب و آزمایش جذب قندها (API) انجام شد. تست تعیین حساسیت (MIC) به روش ماکرودایلوشن براث برای گونه های جدا شده گذاشته شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری Chi-square مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته هااز بین 100 نمونه مورد مطالعه 12 مورد (12%) در آزمایش مستقیم میکروسکوپی، 20 مورد (20%) با روش کشت بر روی محیط سابورودکستروزآگار مبتلا به ولوواژنیت کاندیدایی شناخته شدند. گونه های کاندیدای جدا شده عبارتند از: کاندیدا آلبیکنس با 20 مورد (5/ 62%)، کاندیدا گلابراتا با 6 مورد (7/ 18%)، کاندیدا تروپیکالیس با 3 مورد (4/ 9%) و کاندیدا پاراپسیلوزیس با 3 مورد (4/ 9%). تمامی گونه های کاندیدای جدا شده به داروهای ضد قارچ استفاده شده در مطالعه (آمفوتریسین B، فلوکونازول و کلوتریمازول) حساس بودند.
نتیجه گیریکاندیداآلبیکنس غالبترین گونه جدا شده از بیماران بود. کشت ترشحات واژن حتما باید انجام شود زیرا روش کشت نسبت به آزمایش مستقیم میکروسکوپی حساستر است.
کلید واژگان: کاندیدیازیس، دیابت ملیتوس، کاندیدا آلبیکنسBackground And AimNearly 75% of all adult women have had at least one genital "yeast infection" in their lifetime. Patients with diabetes mellitus are risk for vulvo-vaginal candidiasis. The aim of this study is the determining species of Candida isolated from diabetic women referred to Kermanshah Diabetes Research Center (KDRC) in 2010.
Materials And MethodsThis descriptive – analytic study was performed on 100 diabetic women referred to Kermanshah Diabetes Research Center in 2010. All specimens were examined under direct microscopy and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Complimentary test such as germ tube test and Sugar Assimilation Test (API) were carried out to differentiate the Candida species. Performed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test for Candida species isolated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. All of the species isolate were sensitive to Amphotericin B, Fluconazole, and Clotrimazole.
ResultsFrom 100 samples that were under experience, 12% (12 cases) in direct microscopy test and 20% (20 cases) were infected to vaginal candidiasis by cultivation on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Frequency the Candida species isolated were: C.albicans with 62.5% (20 cases), C.glabrata with 18.7% (6 cases), C.tropicalis with 9.4% (3 cases) and C.parapsilosis with 9.4% (3 cases).
ConclusionsC. albicans was, by far, the most predominant yeast isolate. Culture of vaginal discharge should be warranted because culture technique is more sensitive than direct smear.
Keywords: Candidiasis, diabetes mellitus, C.albicans -
Background
We studied the effects of different doses of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on oxidative stress markers including glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) on male mice.
Materials and MethodsMale albino mice of Wistar strain (N = 60), weighing 17-32 g, were used for this study. The mice were randomly assigned to three classes such that in each class, there were four groups of which one was control and the other three groups were fed with ZnONPs and AgNPs at 500, 250, and 125 ppm concentration and AuNPs at 100, 50, and 25 ppm concentration for 15 days. The heart blood was taken to measure GPX and CAT enzyme activities at the end of the treatment.
ResultsIn male mice treated with AgNPs, the GPX and CAT activities were significantly increased, while significant decreases were seen in the GPX and CAT activities in mice treated with ZnONPs (P < 0.05) and in mice treated with AuNPs (P < 0.05).
ConclusionThe results of this study showed that AuNPs and ZnONPs caused decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, while nanosilver had the reverse effect and increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and caused decreased stress oxidative.
Keywords: Catalase, glutathione, gold, nanoparticles, silver, zinc oxide -
Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major health problem and its prevalence is different around the world. The aim of study was determination of the epidemiological aspects of CHD in central and southern district of Iran.
Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive and analytical study, 3714 medical records were evaluated from March 21, 2001 to December 18, 2011. Medical records of inpatients from angiography and outpatients in the Heart Clinic of Afshar hospital (a referral hospital in center and south of Iran) were the source of information. Types of CHD and demographic data including age, sex and residential location are collected. The data were analyzed by SPSS (version 17) software. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare variables between groups.
ResultsAt the study, the mean age of the patients at diagnosis time was 8.8 ± 11.6 year (at the range of one day to 76 years with median of 4 years). The percentage of females and males was 54.2 (n: 2014) and 43.8 (n: 1627), respectively. The chi-square test showed that there was significant difference in frequency of CHDs between females and males (P value < 0.0001). Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was found to be the most frequent of CHDs (27%). Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (16.8%), atrial septal defect (ASD) (15.8%), pulmonary stenosis (PS) (11%) and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (8.9%) were more prevalent in CHDs after VSD.
ConclusionsThe frequency of CHDs in female was more than male and VSD, PDA, ASD, PS, and TOF were most common in CHDs, respectively.
Keywords: Congenital heart disease, epidemiological aspect, frequency -
در این مطالعه ما به معرفی حسگر زیستی جدیدی برای اندازه گیری گلوکز با استفاده از آنزیم گلوکز اکسیداز، نانوذرات اکسید کادمیوم و الکترود خمیر کربن پرداختیم. نانوذرات اکسید کادمیومی که در این تحقیق تهیه و مورد بررسی قرار گرفت، دارای اندازه 43 نانومتر بودند. نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق بیانگر این است که الکترود خمیر کربن اصلاح شده با نانو ذرات اکسید کادمیوم سنتزی، می تواند انتقال الکترون را در آنزیم گلوکز اکسیداز تثبیت شده روی سطح الکترود تسهیل نماید. همچنین فرم احیا شده آنزیم گلوکز اکسیداز می تواند بوسیله اکسیژن محلول با انجام یک واکنش الکترو کاتالیتیکی اکسید شود، که این اکسایش، به علت واکنش بین فرم اکسید شده گلوکز اکسیداز و گلوکز، بوسیله گلوکز مهار می شود. بر اساس کاهش پاسخ الکتروکاتالیتیکی آنزیم گلوکز اکسیداز در محلول اشباع از اکسیژن در حضور گلوکز، یک حسگر جدید برای گلوکز طراحی شد. حسگر طراحی شده دارای حساسیت بالا و در محدوده خطی 20 تا 360 میکرومولار می تواند جهت تعیین گلوکز مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. همچنین این حسگر دارای پایداری بسیار خوبی می باشد.
کلید واژگان: حسگر زیستی، نانو ذرات اکسید کادمیوم، آنزیم گلوکز اکسیدازIn this study، we introduced a new biosensor for measurement of glucose by using of glucose oxidase enzyme، cadmium oxide nanoparticles and carbon paste electrode. Size of cadmium oxide nanoparticles were about 43 nm. The results indicated that produced carbon paste electrode modified with cadmium oxide nanoparticles، can facilitates electron transfer in stabilized glucose oxidase enzyme on the electrode surface. In addition، the reduced form of glucose oxidase enzyme could oxidize by solutions oxygen with an electro catalytic reaction، that this oxidation، due to reaction between the oxidized form of glucose and glucose oxidase and this reaction inhibited by glucose. Based on electro catalytic decrease of glucose oxidase enzyme in saturated oxygen solution in the presence of glucose، a new sensor was designed for glucose. Designed sensor has high sensitivity and in linear range of 20 µM to 360 µM and can be used to determine glucose. This biosensor also has very good stability.Keywords: biosensor, cadmium oxide nanoparticles, glucose oxidase enzyme -
BackgroundFunctional defects in mitochondria are involved in the induction of cell death in cancer cells. The process of programmed cell death may occur through the mechanisms of apoptosis. Several potential lead molecules such as Camptothecin (CPT) and its analogues have been isolated from plants with anticancer effect. The aim of the present study was to understand the necrotic effect versus apoptotic nature of CPT in HeLa cancer cells.MethodsThe antiproliferative activity of CPT was estimated through 3-(4, 5- Dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and DNA fragmentation analysis using gel electrophoresis. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell morphology were assessed under control and CPT exposed conditions to evaluate the necrotic effect of CPT.ResultsThe results showed that CPT inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner with an Inhibitory Concentration 50% (IC50) of 0.08±0.012 µg/ml. However the significant (P<0.05) increase happens in LDH activity at concentrations 1×10-1µg/ml and above. Morphological changes showed that CPT in low concentrations induced an apoptotic mechanism of cell death, such as cell shrinkage and characteristic rounding of dying cells, while at high concentrations showed necrosis changes. The characteristic DNA ladder formation of CPT-treated cells in agarose gel electrophoresis confirmed the results obtained by light microscopy and LDH assay.ConclusionCamptothecin as an anticancer drug may have antiproliferative effect on HeLa cancer cells in low concentrations, through its nature of induction of apoptosis. The border line between necrotic effect and apoptotic nature of CPT in HeLa cancer cells has been found to be at concentration of 1×10-1 µg/ml.Keywords: Cell death, Camptothecin, HeLa cells, Necrosis, Apoptosis
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