p. mohammadzadeh

Considering the importance of the proper arrangement of components and subsystems in space systems in order to satisfy the control, thermal and telecommunication system requirements, this article deals with the optimal placement design of a sample satellite. Compliance with condition control constraints, which is one of the basic system requirements of the satellite, is primarily defined as constraint. Other requirements of satellite subsystems, including the non-overlapping condition, are taken into account according to importance and priority. After determining the appropriate optimization method, the objective function and the constraints of the problem, the optimization algorithm is presented and the optimal answers are extracted. Due to the importance of controlling the issue of electromagnetic compatibility and preventing destructive damage caused by it, the proper wiring design is done on the optimal designs in compliance with the defined requirements.

Osteosarcoma has been described as a rare primary bone tumor in birds that affects the axial skeleton; Sometimes, it happens in a soft tissue called extraskeletal osteosarcoma.Retroviruses are usually associated with the development of solid tumors in different species of birds. This report aims to describe a case of osteosarcoma with lymphoid leukosis caused by a new mutant of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in a MacQueen's bustard (Chlamydotis McQueen). A female MacQueen bustard with a history of chronic lameness and sudden abdominal swelling for two days died at night. Histopathology revealed an infiltrative mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindle cells with moderate cellular pleomorphism, organized in clusters and scattered with marked deposition of the osteoid matrix, consistent with osteosarcoma of the femur and tibiotarsus with liver and kidney metastasis. Immunohistochemistry of primary and metastatic tumors showed vimentin expression by neoplastic cells. Neoplasmic Samples from the Kidney, liver, and spleen were processed for PCR, which allowed the demonstration of new mutant DNA from proviral avian leukosis virus subtype J (ALV-J). Furthermore, its inoculation to SPF chickens showed that the viral load of the isolated strain in the immune system organs was significantly higher than HPRS103, and the weight loss, viremia, viral shedding, rate of myocardial fiber rupture, and lymphocyte infiltration into the pulmonary lymphatic vessels were higher. Conclusion The findings of this study have reported the occurrence of osteosarcoma along with investigating the characteristics of a new mutant of ALV-J.

Recently, nidoviruses have been described as a possible cause of severe respiratory diseases in reptiles and especially pythons from different parts of the world. The aim of this study is to isolate the pathogenic agent along with the precise determination of its characteristics and to examine the histopathological findings in a female iguana. During the iguana post-mortem examination, pyogranulomatous and fibronecrotic lesions were observed in various organs other than the respiratory system, and the results of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were also positive. Therefore, the relationship between the observation of these extensive lesions and the Necropsy findings obtained from Previous cases of serpanovirus infection and the amount and type of changes in the genome of the serpentovirus identified with the previous serpentovirus were investigated. Cell culture inoculation and then RT-PCR was used to collect and obtain the virus isolate. Next, immunohistochemistry was performed. Staining for the nucleoprotein of the serpentine virus showed that this virus infects not only a wide range of epithelia (respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelium, hepatocytes, urinary tubules, pancreatic ducts, etc.), but also contaminates the intravascular monocytes, intralesional macrophages, and endothelial cells too. With next-generation sequencing, the complete genome for this new serpentine virus species was obtained.The analysis of the viral genome recovered from this respiratory and systemic disease associated with serpentine virus infection did not show a sequence correlation with the phenotype of other strains. The results showed that this serpentine virus has a wide cell and tissue tropism, and the course of infection by it can be different, and as a result of the systemic spread of the virus in the body, it causes lesions in a wide range of different body systems.

Problem statement:

 Trichomoniasis is a disease that affects both wild and domestic birds. Some studies have identified this disease as the main infectious disease of wild birds. Trichomonas causes small nodules and ulcers in the crop and other locations of the upper digestive system. The lesions continue to coalesce to form granulomas, which can provoke the death of the bird by starvation. Trichomonas galline is a flagellated protozoon that is frequently found in the oral cavity of columbiformes, which are considered the main reservoir of the parasite. Over the past decade, much progress has been made in understanding the molecular characterization of this protozoan and the new genetic variants of Trichomonas that have developed in the avian oropharynx.

Symptoms of regurgitation, nausea, anorexia, respiratory distress and shortness of breath, right tail position, diarrhea, halitosis and purulent necrotic foci were observed in different parts of the oral mucosa. In histopathology, orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis along with notable heterophilic and histiocytic inflammatory infiltrate of oral mucosa, widespread and diffuse hepatocellular necrosis, multifocal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration accompanied by the presence of sporadic hepatocytes contained amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies-like particles due to infection with falconid adenovirus-1) in the liver, ATN and tubular mineralization in the kidney.

In this bad study, the cause of Saker Falcon's disease was feeding on infected pigeons. It was also found that the PAS staining technique is not suitable for the detection of this protozoan and Trichomonas galleine is best propagated in Diamond modified culture medium.

Forging is one of the oldest and the most important processes of metal forming. The process occurs due to the waxy deformation of metal. In the forging process, the die walls control the material flow and the mechanical properties of the workpiece are significantly improved. Today's world industries, financing costs play a leading role in production. These categories have entered the industry to create a variety of simulation and numerical modeling methods to eliminate this problem. Simulation and experimental test, mechanical properties in the hot forging process in high-cost materials are of great interest to researchers. In this paper, the mechanical properties of hot forging in Ti6Al4V alloy are investigated. According to the obtained results, it can be found that a very close agreement has been made on experiments reported in literature and the simulation. Depending on the results, the strain rate Z-axis showed the shear bands appeared exactly on the 45-degree plates and in the sample center. In fact, the intersection of the band's sample center is the max strain applied to the die. This area has been created with an effective strain and stress at all depths of the workpiece and gradually expands.