s. abbaszadeh

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with unknown cause and complex pathogenesis, characterized by chronic inflammation, demyelination and loss of neurons. This disease usually manifests as movement disorders, vision disorders, or sensory problems. The etiology of MS is not precisely known, although environmental factors such as nutrition, physical inactivity, smoking and low vitamin D concentration play a role in this case. Researches show that patients with MS are at risk of malnutrition and reduced intake of micronutrients due to inactivity, anorexia, depression and side effects of drugs. Many studies have investigated the effects of nutrients and dietary patterns in patients with MS, however, the role of diet and nutrients in the progression of the disease is not well known. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the role of some nutritional supplements in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

In the present narrative review article, reliable Persian and English databases including Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Magiran were searched and articles that studied the effect of nutritional supplements in the treatment of multiple sclerosis were reviewed.

The results of the present review study indicated that some nutrients such as vitamin D, vitamin A, biotin, as well as omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics may improve disability, reduce disease progression, reduce disease recurrence, improve fatigue and depression in patients. get MS

Considering that some nutrients can improve the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in MS patients, a suitable nutritional intervention or following a healthy diet may improve the severity and symptoms of MS and as a Possible complementary treatment should be considered in this disease.

Ramand area is located about 80 km south of Qazvin Province, northwest of Central Iran. The study area is a part of the magmatic belt of Orumieh-Dokhtar of the structural zones of Iran. The area consists of rhyodacitic igneous rocks, rhyolite, rhyodacitic tuff, crystalline tuffs and rhyodacitic flow lavas. The pyroclastic and volcanic units are interrupted by major faults such as Korcheshmeh and Hassanabad faults as well as sub-faults with a northwest-southeast trending. The most important alterations in the area includes sericitization, argilitization and hematization. The main ore minerals include pyrite, oxides and iron hydroxides. The most associated gangue minerals are quartz, potassium feldspar, albite and rock fragments in tuffs. In order to determine the properties of mineralizing fluids, fluid inclusions within quartz were analyzed, which are closely associated with gold mineralization in the area. The results of these analyzes show that the salinity of the fluids involved in the quartz minerals varies between 2 and 11.7 wt% NaCl equivalent. Also homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions for quartz varies between 141 and 230 0C. Most of the fluid inclusions in these veins are liquid double phase (L+V) and have sizes smaller than 20 micron. The analytical results of the analyzed samples show low temperature and salinity range which is consistence with metamorphism and basin brine sources. The fluid inclusions, mineralogical and geochemical data show that the gold mineralization in the Ramand area is similar to Epithermal type.

In this paper, we first present the new concept of $2$-normed algebra. We investigate the structure of this algebra and give some examples. Then we apply a fixed point theorem to prove the stability and hyperstability of $(alpha, beta, gamma)$-derivations in $2$-Banach algebras.