problem-oriented strategies

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social adaptation based on defense mechanisms and problem-oriented strategies in parents with the mediation of anxiety sensitivity in elementary school female students in Zanjan city.

The research method was correlation. The statistical population was all primary school girls in two cities of Zanjan, 200 of whom were selected using the available method. To collect data, Dakhanchi's adjustment questionnaire (1998), Andrews et al.'s (1993) defense mechanism questionnaire, Lazarus and Folkman's (1985) coping with stressful situations questionnaire, and Floyd et al.'s (2005) anxiety sensitivity questionnaire were used. For data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were used using SPSS version 25 and AMOS23 software.

The results showed that parents' defense mechanisms have no significant effect on social adjustment, but problem-oriented strategies in anxiety-sensitive parents can predict children's social adjustment. Problem-oriented strategies in parents and parents' defense mechanism can also predict anxiety sensitivity (p<0.05). The results of indirect effects showed that anxiety sensitivity has a mediating role between problem-oriented strategies in parents and social adjustment (p<0.05). Also, anxiety sensitivity plays a mediating role between defense mechanisms and social adaptation. Parents' children have a mediating role (p<0.05).

Considering that the results showed that defense mechanisms and problem-oriented strategies in parents and anxiety sensitivity have a significant role in children's social adaptation, it is suggested that psychologists and school counselors and counseling centers in education take measures Plan therapy and education to increase social adaptation with emphasis on the mentioned variables.

The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on coping skills and time perspective. The research method was correlation and the statistical popu-lation composed of couples living in the 2nd district of Tehran. By convenience sampling method, 250 individuals were selected and were asked to complete the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Lazarus & Folkman’s Coping Styles Questionnaire and the Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory. The results showed that 12.5% of variance of marital satisfa-ction can be explained by the time persp-ective and the use of coping strategies in couples. The findings also indicated that there was a negative association between emotional coping strategies and marital satisfaction; while, there was no signi-ficant relationship between problemorien-ted strategies and marital satisfaction. In examining the relationship between views of time and marital satisfaction, the results indicated that there was a negative signif-icant relationship between marital satisfa-ction with past negative view of time, present hedonistic and believing in present fatalistic. According to the results of t-test for gender differences, there was no signi-ficant difference between men and women in marital satisfaction, using coping strategies and time views.