syntactic function

The purpose of this corpus-oriented research is to investigate the effect of informative structure, grammatical function syntactic structure, verb type, grammatical weight and definiteness on the process of postposing in the spoken Sorani Kurdish language. Since the Kurdish language is an Iranian language like the Persian, it is a head-last language and verb ending sentences are considered unmarked but in the spoken language there is a greater tendency to produce marked sentences and postposing some constructions can be seen. In this research through relying on spoken corpus of Kurdish language taken from folklore collection (Ahmadi, 2020) and databased analysis, we have investigated the effective factors known by other researchers about the postposing process in the Kurdish language. This research shows that in Sorani spoken language, prepositional phrase constituent in indirect object and place adverb syntactic role with new informative structure move to after verb position and postposing occurs. In the case of predicate postposing, the type of copular verb is an effective factor. The direct object, subject, adverb of quantity and adverb of quality do not follow this principle except in limited cases that can be ignored. Grammatical weight and definiteness factors do not have effective role in postposing in this language.

«Passive Letters» refer to the elements that do not have Erab influences and for this reason they are often ignored ignored in syntax education. Studies show that these letters play a key role in identification of syntactic structure and understanding the meaning of context being called the semiotic function of passive letters. Although sometimes in syntax they are called Maani –Al- horouf (the meanings of letters) however, an organized review of their semiotic functions in order to understand their syntactic structure and accurate meaning of their context has not been studied yet. In the view of RaziAstarabadi‚ semiotic and structural aspects of afore mentioned letters, are considered as a part of their syntactic function. According to the importance and extension of the presence of these letters in Arabic language‚ and by applying RaziAstarabadi’s views‚ this study tried to indicate their semiotic function in understanding the syntactic structure and answer the question of research based on a semiotic perspective, what is the most obvious sign of semiotic function of these letters in understanding the syntactic structure and context perception? To answer the questions with descriptive-analytic method, we investigated the different contexts and applied this view in analysis. The results showed that: passive letters play a key role in identification of the syntactic structure and showed a certain relationship between cause and effect in two parts of form and content and accordingly its major semiotic function can be found in distinguishing and diagnosis of grammatical arrangement of words and sentences.