جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Taboo-Breaking » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Taboo (meaning prohibited and forbidden) refers to things that have limits and follow certain rules and should not be broken under any circumstances, and if they are broken, the person and her/his relatives will suffer negative and harmful consequences. The present study, by using analytic-descriptive method and library sources, examines the examples of taboo-breaking in the story of Sheikh Sanān from the mystical book of Attār of Nishapur, Mantiq-ut-Tayr. In the article, the taboos are divided into two categories: Islamic and Christian taboos, and each of them has been analyzed according to the relevant religion. The main question is, given the character of Sheikh Sanān, why are taboos broken? The answer of the question is given based on the psychology of Jung and according to the principles of Islam and Christianity. Carl Gustav Jung believes that the incompatible and negative features are the result of the function of the shadow archetype. Therefore, the reason for breaking the taboos by the protagonists - Sheikh Sanān and the Christian girl - is the result of the action of the shadow archetype.

An in-depth look at mystical texts reveals that besides the mystic's obedient relationship with the Truth, there is another kind of relationship in which the mystic's words and deeds ignore the sacred religious law; the existence of these two types of relationships together is worth considering. The present article, by using analytical-descriptive method, attempts to first express the forms of taboo-breaking in prayer and fasting, then seeks to prove the connection between these taboos-breaking with the two processes of correcting "self" and "other"; priority is given to "self-correction or self-discipline," which ultimately leads to "the correction of the other or society". The results of this study show that despite the mystics' adherence to the Sharia, breaking Islamic laws confuses the audience, but this removes man/woman from the level of habit and negligence and leads to knowledge and moral cultivation; the mystics' writings about the hidden secrets and the passage from the outward to the inward refer to this matter. Therefore, the method of these great men not only is not harmful to society, but also, it provides moral principles that raise man and society to a level in which worship is a form of morality and morality is a form of worship; and this process leads to external and internal discipline.

Poets, because of their sharp insight and linguistic delicacy in their poetry, transcend social conventions and enter into forbidden realms, which are called "taboo". In this descriptive-analytical study, we have studied the taboo and its types in Hafez's poetry according to a case study, then we have categorized and analyzed its types. The leading research seeks to explain these issues, what types of taboos existed in Hafez's sonnets? Which is more frequent and what is the poet's purpose in breaking the taboo and by what means was he able to break the taboo softly? It seems that Hafez breaks the taboo with the help of humor and with the adaptation and community of "opponents". His main approach in the taboo is socio-political rather than doctrinal and ideological. Hafez has been able to enter the forbidden realms through the dual confrontations that exist both in his content and in his rhetoric in the form of ambiguity. He seeks a form of socio-political reform. In addition to expressing Hafez's taboos, this article pursues another secondary purpose, which is to express and explain the rhetorical and aesthetic features of Hafez's sonnets.