جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نوسازی نظامی » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

The military rise of China is one of the important events of modern history. It is for more than two decades that China by taking up rational policies in domestic and international arena has achieved tremendous progress. These accomplishments along with vast potential of this country has changed it into a great and influencing power and one of the candidates of superpower position in the twenty first century. Since the United States considers itself as the only superpower of the modern world, the rise of China is a challenge to its hegemony. This challenge points out the necessity of responding to it. The present article while evaluates the Chinese military progress, its impact and consequences raises this question that what should be the United States policy for facing the rising military power of China? The paper also evaluates the hypothesis that the military development and growth of China is the indication and its tendency for world hegemony and becoming a superpower in international arena. Thus with the rise of China and its establishment as a world power in new world order in thecoming decade, major contradiction will increasingly emerge between the United States and China. This conflict of interests, besides ideological difference, will lead to the strategic interest rivalry in Asia-Pacific and even in the whole world. Since these developments do not conform to the long range policies of the United States it will pursue a two pronged strategy of containment and participation to face this security dilemma.

In this article it has been tried to examine some aspects of this emerging power. In this direction، after reviewing the defense-security strategy of China، the country''s approach to security environment have been studied، and after that، Beijing''s national defense strategy toward modernization has been discussed. China''s participation in regional and international processes and examining its economic and political power are the other issues discussed in this article. And finally it has been emphasized that China has chosen the strategy of gaining peaceful power without disrupting the existing international order.

Evaluation of the Chinese defense power and strategy based on the Defense Document of 2008 and from the view point of this country's decision makers and strategists illustrates the relationship between variables like conceptual and concrete security and necessity of revision in the factors of defense power to manage the changing environment at national and supra-national levels. Based on this document, modernization and mechanization of the Chinese army require employment of science, industry and technology in the military. These are important in assessment of the ability to research and development and production. Within this framework, the Chinese strategists are emphasizing the inter-linkages and interaction between military and economic aspects and also the necessity in creating a balance between them. As the Chinese grand strategy is defined within a peaceful development framework, realization of this strategy requires, achieving regional and internal prestige through confidence building; this aspect is one of the main features of strategic Power of the countries. The Chinese partnership in the international trends is an instance of this feature.

Although Turkish defense policy witnessed some changes after the end of the Cold War, in the aftermath of 9/11 and the USA invasion of Iraq, the inclination of Turkey to boost her independency in the realm of defense policy on one hand and lessening of relying on the West on the other hand has been increased. After addressing the principles and purposes of Turkish defense policy, the author of this paper, illustrates defending Turkey against new threats, strengthening its power and increasing involvement in regional crises and conflicts, as the three main pillars of Turkish defense policy. And finally, defense budget, arms procurement and the relevant executive institutions of Turkey are other issues to be tackled in this paper.