جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دموکراسی زیست محیطی » در نشریات گروه « فقه و حقوق »

According to the Aarhus Convention, the realization of environmental democracy is based on the three elements of access to information, participation in making decisions and access to court in environmental matters. Given that environmental damage also leads to human harm, some states, in order to achieve environmental democracy, have established environmental judicial and quasi-judicial authorities in their domestic system to provide the right of access to the courts in environmental issues. Due to the high but fragile biodiversity and environmental threats in Iran such as the existence of endangered plant and animal species, environmental pollution, dust, desertification, etc., the lack of such an institution is felt in the country's legal system. The present article descriptively-analytically examines the documents, international jurisprudence and authorities in the domestic law of some states and then assesses the status of the Iranian legal system And in response to the question of which model of environmental courts is more appropriate for Iran, it is concluded that according to the history of specialized courts in the Iranian legal system, the establishment of a special environmental court In the Iranian legal system can provide the grounds for the realization of environmental democracy and consequently sustainable development.

The right to a healthy environment has been recognized as a right in the third generation of human rights and is one of the progressive rights that seeks to preserve the environment for present and future generations. The right to a healthy environment is the subject of several international instruments and treaties and therefore carries with it the obligations of governments to protect it. However, all human rights are effective when they are respected in the judiciary. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the judicial protection of the right to a healthy environment in the proceedings of the European Court of Justice through a descriptive-analytical method. Based on the findings of this study, the European Court of Human Rights, as a regional court based on the founding document, the European Convention on Human Rights, considers itself obliged to investigate and rule on cases of human rights violations. On the other hand, the concept of environmental democracy has been recognized in the proceedings of the court, and this court has paid attention to this concept in several opinions. Although the right to a healthy environment is not explicitly mentioned in the text of the European treaty, the European Court of Justice shows that the court upholds the right to a healthy environment through other materials, such as a dynamic interpretation of the treaty. This article seeks to review the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in protecting the right to a healthy environment.