fuzzy segmentation

The process of changes detection, identifying landforms and how they are distributed is one of the basic needs of geomorphology and natural resources. On the other hand, remote sensing technology is a useful tool for studying and monitoring terrestrial phenomena in order to produce useful and valuable data in terms of spatial and temporal. Therefore, high spatial panchromatic remote sensing (HR-PRS) images are a useful and efficient tool for identifying and classifying landforms due to their high spatial and spectral resolution. Obstacles, such as cloud and shadow coverage, greatly affect the analysis and processing of satellite imagery, such as changes detection, classifying, and extracting accurate information from satellite imagery; Therefore, selecting the most appropriate segmentation algorithms to improve the identification and detection of landforms in these areas is of great importance. The selection and development of these algorithms, under the influence of parameters such as radiometric accuracy, atmospheric conditions, spectral, spatial, thematic and temporal resolution, provide a powerful technology for extracting information and preparing thematic maps that can be monitored and evaluated. Provides better landforms and environmental change trends by comparing temporal images. In this regard, fuzzy clustering algorithms is one of the methods that has acceptable performance in the segmentation of high spatial resolution (HR-PRS) images. The aim of this study is fuzzy segmentation using GeoEye-1 satellite imagery and proposed clustering and fusion algorithms, and the effectiveness of these techniques in anomaly detection, landforms and automatic formic patterns recognition are examined in the study area. Therefore, in this paper, a study of fuzzy zoning techniques of high spatial resolution (HR-PRS) images in order to better and more accurately detect geomorphic features in areas with obstacles of interpretation and analysis, including Cloud and shadow cover can be useful for planning, management and future sustainable development of areas.

In this paper, fuzzy segmentation process and clustering algorithms are used with the aim of anomaly detecting and automatic morphic pattern recognition. For image segmentation, in addition to radiometric features, the spatial information of HR-PRS panchromatic images extracted by tissue features is also used. In addition, fuzzy clustering numbers and methods are used to improve the accuracy of study area segmentation. The study area in this study is located on Alaa River in Ramhormoz. In this regard, the panchromatic images of HR-PRS GeoEye-1 sensor have been used. In this regard, after radiometric and geometric preprocessing, based on fuzzy features, the input images were integrated in MATLAB software and then using FWS, MSA, IDF and CFM algorithms, segmentation was performed. In these methods, fuzzy clustering is performed several times for different numbers of clusters (from  to ) and the clustering output is evaluated and the best number of regions ( ) is selected. Also, in the processing stage, in order to reach a certain number of clusters, the image is clustered so that after defuzzification is applied on it, fuzzy segmentation is performed. Finally, the studied fuzzy clustering algorithms with fuzzy parameters are applied to the input HR-PRS images and the results are discussed.

In order to compare and analyze the performance of fuzzy clustering in the segmentation process, FWS, MSA, IDF and CFM algorithms were applied and processed on HR-PRS panchromatic images of the study area. The results of fuzzy segmentation and comparison of the proposed methods in the study area (Figure 4) show that the Interval-valued Data Fuzzy c-means (IDF) method has a better performance for fuzzy segmentation than other methods. The IDF method, in which the ambiguity in the HR-PRS images in the segmentation area is taken into account, has the best performance in general to find the optimal number of clusters and centers of clusters and to detect features. This algorithm also adjusts the detection capability and provides higher accuracy and detects the main boundaries well and removes the extra boundaries. The results also show that the Fuzzy Watershed Segmentation (FWS) method in the field of spatial features detection and river detection, which is a spatial criterion, has shown good performance in fuzzy clustering and in pixel fuzzy clustering. HR-PRS images examined image boundaries are well separated. However, due to its high sensitivity to noise, the FWS method faces the problem of creating additional boundaries. As a result, it has not well identified the main boundaries in the shadow and cloud cover area.

The results of applying the studied fuzzy segmentation algorithms on the study area show the use of local and global spatial relationships of pixels for fuzzy clustering of HR-PRS images and also the use of textural, structural and spectral features for segmentation and object recognition in panchromatic images have a high ability to detect geomorphic features. These results also indicate the effectiveness of fuzzy clustering algorithms for segmentation multispectral remote sensing images and confirm the efficiency of the proposed segmentation methods in terms of detecting spatial features and phenomena and accurate extraction of information from images.

The process of urban development is like a fuzzy process; Therefore, fuzzy segmentation and urban space monitoring using HR-PRS panchromatic images is one of the best tools in urban management and planning. In this study, panchromatic images of GeoEye-1 sensor related in the urban area of Qeshm has been used for analyzing the application of operation of the methods of fuzzy segmentation and clustering. Thus, for analyzing the operation of algorithms of FWS, MSA, IDF and CFM and using MATLAB software, 6 qualitative criteria has been described in three spatial categories, radiometric and spatial-radiometric. Using these methods and based on fuzzy characteristics, the input images have been fused and then, with application of fuzzy clustering method, and fusion output, which has a fuzzy nature, Thus, this article appears to study the segmentation of urban area. The result of the research confirms the efficiency of the suggested segmentation methods in terms of recognition of phenomena and man-made and spatial effects and exact exploitation of the information of satellite images. The method of FWS discloses the best performance in terms of segmentation of urban areas. Therefore, according to the research results, the use of clustering algorithms and fuzzy features is a suitable and optimal method for integrating HR-PRS satellite image information from urban area with the aim of segmentation.