جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Coronary heart disease » در نشریات گروه « علوم پایه »

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated and varied metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as ischemic heart disease or coronary artery disease, is a common term for the buildup of a waxy substance, called plaque, in the heart's arteries, resulting in the failure of coronary circulation to supply adequate blood circulation to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue, which can lead to a myocardial infarction (MI). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary heart disease are the most common non-communicable diseases in the world, causing morbidity and mortality due to microvascular and macrovascular complications due to the close relationship between diabetes and vascular complications.

To develop a personalized approach to the use of ethoxidol in patients with CHD based on the definition of criteria for predicting the cytoprotective properties of this drug when tested in vitro. With the introduction of ethoxidol into a sample with a leukocyte suspension, a significant increase in VIcells by 21% (from 41% to 62%, p <0.001) was observed, which indicates the presence of a cytoprotective property in this drug. A more detailed analysis of the dynamics of the VIcells index showed two variants of changes in cell viability: in 80% of patients VIcells was increased, on average, by 28% (from 36% to 64%, p <0.001) and in 20% of patients VI cells was decreased, on average, by 10% (from 68% to 58%, p <0.05). A number of conditions for the initial state of a patient with CHD were identified for the manifestation of cytoprotective properties in ethoxidol: a proatherogenic cholesterol profile (with a serum cholesterol level above 6.6 mmol/l and a high-density lipoprotein level below 1.6 mmol /l), impaired antioxidant status ( low level of serum catalase activity - less than 5 μcatal/l), signs of mitochondrial dysfunction (increased serum urea levels above 8.3 mmol/l, decreased total blood protein levels below 76 g/l), depletion of the adaptation system function (a decrease in the level of lymphocytes in the blood less than 35% and an increase in the level of neutrophils more than 52%), the normal state of thrombopoiesis (the number of immature platelets is not more than 7%).

Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and significantly affects the severity and pattern of coronary artery disease (CAD). Moreover, tobacco smoking increases the risk of CVD and finally will cause morbidity and mortality. It has been proved that the increment of habitual consumption of cigarettes per day up to 20 increases the risk of myocardial infarction by about three times greater than in nonsmokers.

In this study, we are trying to review the effect of cigarettes and their nicotine content on heart health and the heart disease which are induced by smoking.

A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed Central (PMC), UpToDate databases, and Google Scholar databases from 2012 till Feb 2020. In this regard, pre-decided keywords were used and specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were considered to achieve more accurate and related papers. Data were extracted from all the included studies through a precise review of the articles.

In this study, the evidence regarding the effect of smoking on coronary heart disease (CHD) and the severity and pattern of CVD are reviewed. Based on our study, smoking increases the risk of nearly all CVD subtypes such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure. Smoking has some relative risks that their fatal and non-fatal outcomes are similar. The risk of heart diseases related to smoking will decrease significantly after quitting smoking.