complexity

Today, the development of research and development activities that have a high level of technological complexity is considered an important and influential factor in the development and growth of the knowledge-based economy of developed countries; Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective components on the level of technological complexity of research and development activities. This research is in the category of applied research and in terms of methodology, it is in the category of qualitative research. With the approach of data-based theory, data was collected from studying documents and reviewing literature and conducting semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of research and development. By analyzing the data, first 149 variables were extracted and during three stages of open, central and selective coding, the components affecting the level of technological complexity of research and development activities were identified, then the factor of obtaining advanced technology was identified as a central category. was selected and the rest of the factors were placed within the research structures (causal, background, intervening factors, strategies and consequences) and the research paradigm model was formed and five hypotheses were proposed. Based on the results of the research, 97 components (including 19 cases of causal factors, 16 cases of contextual factors, 12 cases of intervening factors, 11 cases of central subcategories, 23 cases of strategy and 16 cases of consequences) on the level of technological complexity of research activities and Development is influential.

Today, government agencies, including universities, are confronted with problems for entrepreneurship. But these organizations have a special potential for entrepreneurship that can be achieved by providing the necessary fields for optimal results in this field. To provide these areas, fundamental changes in the structure of these organizations seem necessary. Therefore, the present research aims to investigate the determinant of dimensions of organizational structure on readiness of Universities to become the University with the entrepreneurial Features in the manager of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. According to Morgan table, 114 sample were randomly selected. Face validity were examined with point of view of a number of professors in the Department of Management of Ferdowsi University and construct validity were examined through factor analysis and Cronbach' s alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results showed that In terms of managers all dimension of structure of organization are determinant factors effecting on the readiness of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad to become the University with the entrepreneurial Features In addition, it was shown that among the dimensions of organizational structure, Formalism is the highest determinant factors effecting on the readiness of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad to become the University with the entre preneurial Features.

Due to the economic status of livestock and poultry feed conversion industries and the need for smoothing and ensuring the business continuity that is the main goal of this industry, and according to importance of an efficient structure for business continuity of industries, this study takes a major step for the sustainability of these industries, because applying resilience approach can help business continuity of this industries. Also this industry has a key role in supply of population protein and any delay or failure may lead to exorbitant costs for the entire food supply chain. Therefore, checking the barriers of resilient supply chain in this industry is important. In this study, after reviewing literature, the barriers to resilient supply chain implementation were identified and analyzed by Gray Dematel techniques. According to the results, the complexity is recognized as the most influential and lack of coordination is known to be the impressionable obstacle. Finally, some suggestions are given to feed livestock and poultry industries in order to overcome these barriers and reduce their effect.