modflow

In this study, an entirely fuzzy optimization model is presented for conjunction use of surface and groundwater. Groundwater level in Astaneh-Koch Esfahan Aquifer was simulated using the GMS Model, while its results were used as a constraint in optimization model. Then, Kumar and Jayalakishimi fuzzy optimization methods were solved by applying the GAMS software. Maximum water supply shortage in Kumar method for left-side of Sangar was in 2009 that 58.36% of demands was satisfied. Also this value in the right-side was calculated about 56.76% in 2008. In the Jayalakishimi method, the maximum water supply shortage was obtained in 1998 and 2014 that 66.5% and 60.96% of demands for left and right-side are satisfied, respectively. On the other hand, for this method, in the situation of total maximum shortage for left and right sides of Sangar channel, supply percentage of water needs was about 65.9% in 1998, while for the Jayalakishimi method, it was obtained about 66.5% in 1998. Also in the current situation, the supply percentage in the worst conditions is 54%. Regarding consideration of uncertainties, the proposed fuzzy optimization model can be applied to manage the conjunctive water supply for agriculture.

Nowadays, one of the most important concerns in many countries is water supply for sustainable development. So for efficient management of groundwater resources, on the one hand, we need an appropriate tools for modeling, on the other hand, we need measure sustainability to check the performance of scenarios. This paper analyzes the sustainability condition using an integrated modeling framework that consists in sequentially a watershed agriculturally based hydrological model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) with a groundwater flow model developed in MODFLOW, and with a TDS mass-transport model in MT3DMS in Esfahan-Borkhar in Iran. SWAT model outputs are used as MODFLOW inputs to simulate changes in groundwater flow and storage and impacts on stream–aquifer interaction. MODFLOW output (groundwater velocity field from MODFLOW) are used as MT3DMS inputs for assessing the fate and transport of TDS. Heads and concentrations of each cell of model (MODFLOW and MT3DMS) are used to calculate the developed Sustainability Index (whith 3 performance criteria, Reliability, Resilience and Vulnerability) under three scenarios. The results indicate that SI in simulation period is 0.052 and under first, second and third scenarios are respectively 0.040, 0.033 and 0.050.

In recent decades, using water resources is increased for the sake of industrial, domestic and agricultural water consumptions by increase in urbanization and industrial development in Karaj region that fraction of groundwater resources is too much according to the recent drought years and reduced precipitation in Middle-East. These outcomes has caused groundwater level drop, reduced in aquifer storage and many springs and qanats were deserted and dried up. Therefore, studying groundwater status accurately, groundwater level drop reasons, the consequences and presenting solutions to conservation and balancing groundwater are essential matter in this study area that all of them depends on determining reasonable policies for exploiting from the aquifer. Therefore, three scenarios entitled optimistic status, pessimistic status and continuing current exploitation status were defined to predict groundwater level of Karaj study area from water year 2014-15 until water year 2023-24 utilizing MATLAB interface. According to the results, 12.834 m, 17.019 m and 4.906 m water level drops were computed for continuing current exploitation status, pessimistic status and optimistic status, respectively.

Groundwater resources are the main source of water supply in many arid countries such as Iran. Because of uncontrolled increasing of the population, limitation of surface water resources and excessive extraction from aquifers, sharp drop in groundwater level in many plains such as Khezel plain located in Hamedan province was occurred. Khezel plain is important because of strategic crop farming and water supply for the region. so needs serious qualitative and quantitative studies on its groundwater resources. In this study quantitative model of the aquifer was prepared with MODFLOW code. By the trial and error method the model was first calibrated in the both conditions: steady flow condition for October 2006 and unsteady flow condition from September 2006 to July 2007 then validated in October 2008. During the model calibration in steady condition, hydraulic conductivity of aquifer material and conductance coefficient of rivers bed and general head boundaries were optimized. On the other hand, specific yield and specific storage coefficients of the aquifer material were elevated through the model calibration in unsteady condition. After the model validation and confidence to the model result the water level fluctuations was predicted for one, three and 10 year later in two approaches: current conditions and applying the management scenario by 10% reduction in discharge of pumping wells. The results showed that, the most amount of ground water level drop occurs in the northeast area of the plain. The amounts of this water level drop were calculated 1.82, 3.6 and 8.2 meters for one, three and 10 years later respectively. But with applying the management scenario, the amounts of water level drop were calculated 0.52, 2.7 and 7.07 meters for the mentioned years.

Recent droughts and indiscriminate use of ground water for agriculture, is the main problems of the especially desert country.Water crisis has gripped all of country Plains, and Due tothe reduction of surface water resources and successive droughts, illegal exploitation of ground water resources is increasing.The knowledge of the water balance plains can be helped in the water resources management.Tuyserkan plains is one of the most Lowland in the Hamedan province with widly agricuctural land that is increasing every year, Consequently, the pressure on groundwater resources is creased. The aim of this study is invstigation of water balance in Tuyserkan plain in water year 88-87 for optimal management of water resources especially for agricultural uses. For this purpose, iso potential of Plains is maping next Attempted to identify the input and output in plain and ground water balance was calculated manually. The next step using of determining changes volume in plain, accuracy of water balance caculated was determined. Finally, there quiring of inputmap andbasic information is providing on Modflow numerical model and GMS software was runs.Result show that plain ground water balances was negetive and shortage of storage was -12.2 MM3 in 1387-88. Manually water balance and water table changes supported reult of model ground water balance.