جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « osteoporosis » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Osteoporosis is a significant concern, especially for individuals undergoing renal transplantation, as it disrupts bone health and increases the risk of fractures. Interventions for osteoporosis aim to address bone-related challenges in patients with renal transplantation, yet concerns persist regarding both efficacy and potential adverse events.

We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases until December 15, 2023, seeking studies that evaluated the efficacy and adverse events of osteoporosis medications in patients with renal transplantation. The Cochrane tool was utilized to assess the quality of the studies. The statistical analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3.0.

We enrolled 594 participants from 7 randomized controlled trials. Combining trial results reveals that using anti-osteoporotic agents (Ibandronate, Risedronate, and Pamidronate) reduces the risk of vertebral fractures compared to the placebo. However, the reduction was not statistically significant (OR: 0.49, CI 95%: 0.20-1.22). Additionally, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD showed no significant differences between anti-osteoporotic agents (Denosumab, Zoledronic acid, Ibandronate, Risedronate, and Pamidronate) and placebo. Moreover, there were no significant differences in adverse events between the interventions and placebo.

The study suggests that anti-osteoporotic agents in renal transplantation patients may be associated with a non-significant lower risk of vertebral fractures compared to a placebo. Findings also indicate no significant differences in adverse events between interventions and placebos. Caution is advised in interpreting these results due to the absence of statistically significant differences, emphasizing the need for further research to enhance our understanding of efficacy and safety in renal transplantation.

Osteoporosis and osteopenia considered as severe problems in Beta thalassemia major (BTM) that can lead to bone fractures. We aimed to investigate bone mineral density status and the laboratory parameters related to bone metabolism in BTM patients and compare the statically differences between the mentioned parameters in the patients with or without bone fractures.

The results of laboratory parameters including; Hemoglobin (Hb), Calcium (Ca), Vitamin D (Vit D), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Ferritin (FER), Serum Iron (SFe), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), T3, T4 and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), and BMD (by using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) method) were investigated in 143 BTM patients from thalassemia center of Dezful University of Medical Sciences in 2023.

Seventy-two women and 71 men with confirmed BTM diagnosis with age range (32.4 ± 9.7) were entered in the study. Laboratory parameters including TSH, T3, T4, ALP, FER 247) and SFe showed a significant difference between fracture and non-fracture groups respectively (P≤0.05). In this study, Z-Score between -1.1 and -2.4 was considered osteopenia, and below -2.5 was osteoporosis. Among the studied patients 36.6%, 39.1% and 24.2% had normal bone density, osteopenia and had osteoporosis respectively.

Osteopenia and osteoporosis had a high frequency among the studied patients that can prone them to bone fractures. Continuous examinations of laboratory tests, especially T3, T4, TSH, FER, SFE, can be helpful for faster diagnosis and therapeutic interventions to prevent the occurrence of osteopenia and pathological fractures.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease that begins with a decrease in bone mass and deterioration in the micro-architecture of the bone tissue, making the bones thinner and susceptible to fragility. A comprehensive estimation of the prevalence of osteoporosis in provinces of Iran seems to be necessary.

This study was a descriptive-analytical study. The study population included 518 people aged 30-65 years including 297 males and 221 females to measure their bone density. The data collection method was through BMD measurement using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) method. All obtained data stored in the SPSS-16 database and statistically analyzed. The data analyzed using analytical, statistical methods. The significance level of the test was considered to be P≤0.05.

In the present study, according to BMI status, 45.2% of the patients were obese, 38.2% were overweight. Despite the general belief that increasing in weight can be associated with an increase in bone mass, the present research revealed that nearly 35.9% of the research population, suffered obesity and osteoporosis at the same time. Metargression analysis of data from different studies have illustrated that changing in frequency of osteoporosis as an oriented change in prevalence of osteoporosis from west to east and south to north (P≤0.05)

Iran society is under concern to more osteoporosis in the coming years at young and old ages which doubled with severe decline in growth rate of population from 3.7% to 0.63% in 2022. This can increase older people ratio over 30% in 2050.

Osteoporosis, referred to as a " silent epidemic," is a skeletal disease with decreased bone density. This problem has no symptoms, but the most common result is fracture. According to the reported result, this disorder in Iran is more than 4% in men and more than 7% in women, while in the age of over 50 years, this statistic is significant and reaches more than 10% in both sexes. Considering this problem and the need to predict the conditions to change and treat it, it was decided to investigate this study of osteoporosis in people in a tertiary trauma center.

In this study, 113 patients over 65 year old age admitted to the emergency room of Sina Hospital were examined by and subjected to BMD osteoporosis examination, and also the demographic examinations of the patients were recorded through interviews and examination of hospital records, and were finally subjected to statistical analysis

The age of the examined patients was 75.8 years and 67.3% were in the group over 70 years old. 44.2% of the studied population were women and 57.8% were men. 31 patients (27.4%) had a history of fracture. Alcohol consumption and smoking were reported in 3.5% and 31.9% of cases, respectively. In addition, there are 6 patients (3.5 percent) taking drugs on bone density, which in some cases were from the corticosteroid group.The fracture status of the patients was in 61 cases (54%) in the lower limb and in 52 cases (46%) in the upper limb. A total of 76 patients (67.3%) have osteoporosis

This study found that about two-thirds of the patients who suffer limb fractures in old age have osteoporosis.

The effectiveness of preventive interventions on osteoporosis have been already investigated, but there is little information on the impact of cognitive-behavioral counseling (CBC) on prevention of osteoporosis. The present study aimed to determine the effect of CBC, provided by a midwife, on preventive behaviors of osteoporosis in middle-aged women.

This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2020 (Feb - June) on 62 middle-aged women (45-60 years old) referring to the health centers in Dezful, south of Iran. The participants were allocated into intervention (n=31) and control group (n=31) using block randomization design. For the intervention group, eight weekly sessions of CBC based on preventive behaviors against osteoporosis were held by a midwife. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using demographic and obstetric data questionnaire, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), before and eight weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22).

Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of osteoporosis prevention behaviors. After the intervention, the frequency of consumption of dairy products (P=0.001), vitamin D (P=0.002), and calcium supplements (P=0.012); bone density measurement (P=0.001); and the amount of using sunlight (P=0.001) significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean index of energy consumed in the form of physical activity did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P=O.852).

CBC, as a non-pharmacological and safe method, can be used to promote preventive behaviors against osteoporosis.

Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 30,000. Osteoarticular manifestations are a common feature of WD and mainly involve osteopenia, osteoporosis, and arthropathy.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of abnormal mineral density in a group of children with WD and evaluate if it is rational to recommend screening in pre-transplantation workups.

This study included all the children with a confirmed diagnosis of WD, followed at Nemazee Hospital affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2016 and 2018. The researchers also excluded patients with other underlying diseases, abnormalities of calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D, or those who used other medications leading to osteoporosis. Bone mineral content (BMC)/Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (LS-BMD) was performed for all included patients with DXA scans.

Evaluation of z-scores showed osteopenia in 40% and osteoporosis in 53.33% of the patients. There was no significant association between the z-score values and cirrhosis in WD patients (P=0.559). There was a significant correlation between the value of z-scores with weight (P=0.007) and BMI (P=0.001) in patients with WD.

The results suggest that WD is intrinsically associated with osteoporosis. Also, patients with WD are at risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, and screening for evaluation of bone mineral density and prophylactic supplementation may be logical, especially for those who are candidates for liver transplant due to the probability of deterioration of osteopathy in the first few months after liver transplantation

This study aimed to examine the incidence of distal radius fractures in patients aged 55 and above who had also experienced hip fractures. Osteoporosis-associated fractures, particularly hip fractures, are common and serious in older individuals with reduced bone density. Previous research has suggested a relationship between hip fractures and distal radius fractur es. The study included patients over 55 years old who had presented with hip fractures at Akhtar Hospital in the past five years. Patients with a history of hip fractures more than five years before experiencing the distal radius fracture were excluded. Personal information was extracted from medical records, and the collected data were analyzed in SPSS software using statistical methods, such as t-tests and paired t-tests. This study involved 1,745 patients with hip fractures and 183 individuals without fractures. The average age of the patients was 75.8±10.4 years old, with the majority being female (59.6%). Among the hip fractures, 59.6%, 34.5%, and 5.9% were intertrochanteric fractures, neck of femur fractures, and subtrochanteric fractures, respectively. Overall, 15.8% of individuals with hip fractures also had distal radius fractures. The average age and gender distribution of the patients were similar in both groups, with no significant difference. However, the prevalence of distal radius fractures was significantly higher in the hip fracture group, compared to the control group. It was found that individuals over the age of 55 with distal radius fractures, especially females, are more susceptible to hip fractures. Distal radius fractures have a significant impact on the occurrence of hip fractures in patients. Therefore, older individuals with osteoporosis should be cautious and avoid high-risk activities that could lead to falls and fractures. Level of evidence: III

We aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, awareness, and perceptions regarding osteoporosis (OP) and risk factors in China.

The databases of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of science, VIP, and CNKI were searched for papers published before December 2022 using Chinese and English keywords and their combinations: “knowledge”, “osteoporosis”, “risk factor”, “bone health”, “perception”, “awareness”. The levels of knowledge, awareness, and perception about OP, as well as risk factors, clinical symptoms, and health information sources were narratively synthesized.

Sixteen papers were finally included for analysis. Participants all showed poor levels of knowledge and perception regarding osteoporosis and risk factors. Investigation of clinical symptoms was rarely involved in the included studies due to the asymptomatic features of OP. The findings also suggest a strong association between poor level of knowledge regarding OP and educational attainment, type of participant, and gender. The majority of participants are increasingly turning to the Internet and social media to access information about OP.

The findings of this paper provide useful information for intervention providers to prevent and control OP and encourage them to carry out health promotion campaigns to enhance knowledge and awareness of OP.

Here we present a novel adaptation of the previously described fibula pro -tibial fixation in a case requiring salvage fixation of a bimalleolar ankle fracture in an osteoporotic patient. Unstable osteoporotic ankle fractures are a challenging injury to manage and typically occur in a frail and comorbid subgroup of patients. Various techniques have been described in the evolution of managing these injuries, e.g. hindfoot nailing and anatomical locking plates, however in this uniquely challenging case a novel strategy was required to mitigate bone loss in the distal fibular fracture fragment. There is some evidence to suggest fibular protibial fixation offers a lower complication profile to its alternatives. The novel use of distal fibula pro-tibial screws offers a new alternative to hindfoot nailing of bimalleolar ankle fracture in osteoporotic bone with compromised distal fibular fragment bone purchase. Further research is required to investigate the compatibility of this technique with early weightbearing. Level of evidence: IV

Osteoporosis, a widespread disease associated with aging, is characterized by a decrease in bone tissue density. With the global population aging, numerous studies aim to present methods for preventing or treating this disease to avoid pathological fractures by preserving bone density.

This study aimed to compare the changes in bone density in females with osteoporosis before and after receiving denosumab for at least one year.

This clinical trial was conducted on 202 patients with osteoporosis who were referred to two private clinics in Tehran between 2019 and 2020. Each patient received two subcutaneous injections of 60 mg denosumab (Prolia) once every six months. Bone density was measured using the DXA method, and the T-score and the risk of bone fracture were calculated and compared using the FRAX instrument before drug administration and six months after the second dose injection.

The average age of the participants was 69.0 ± 8.0 years. Significant differences were observed in vertebral bone density (-2.55 ± 0.06 to -2.00 ± 0.07) and femur bone density (-2.10 ± 0.10 to -1.88 ± 0.06) before and after denosumab treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the risk of major fractures (23.0 ± 1.9 to 18.9 ± 1.5) and hip fractures (8.5 ± 1.3 to 5.7 ± 0.9) significantly decreased before and after treatment with denosumab (P < 0.05). A significant improvement in bone density was observed across all age groups of patients before and after treatment with denosumab (P < 0.05).

Denosumab significantly reduces the risk of bone fractures and enhances bone density in postmenopausal women. It proves to be an effective medication for reducing the increased risk of fractures in postmenopausal women and for improving their bone density

Calcium phosphates, particularly hydroxyapatite, are the main inorganic compounds of vertebrate bone.In this study, nanohydroxyapatite was prepared using kombucha Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY), and its effect was investigated on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.  Kombucha-nanohydroxyapatite was synthesized by adding phosphoric acid to the kambucha scoby. Characterization of the nanoparticle was performed through X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Female rats were divided into 5 groups: control, ovariectomized groups, and three ovariectomized groups treated with concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg of nanoparticles. At the end of the treatment period, the levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and activity of alkaline phosphatase were measured in the blood samples. Calcium and phosphorus levels were also measured in bone and liver. The bone was evaluated histopathologically. The synthesis of nanohydroxyapatite with particle size of 30 nm was confirmed through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and TEM techniques. A significant increase in calcium and phosphorus levels in the femur bone was observed in the ovariectomized group, which received the highest nanoparticle concentration compared to the ovariectomized group. Parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase activity inhibition were increased in ovariectomized rats following treatment with the highest nanoparticle concentration. In the mentioned group, bone trabeculae proliferation and increased lacuna-containing osteocytes were also observed. This study suggested that the highest concentration of kombucha-nanohydroxyapatite could be partially absorbed into bone tissues and recover the bone-destructive changes caused by ovariectomy, although additional experiments are needed for confirmation.

The health-related quality of life and management of patients with thalassemia has significantly improved in recent years due to standard treatments and safe blood transfusions with effective chelation therapy to reduce iron overload. Transfusion-dependent thalassemia is associated with numerous skeletal abnormalities, including osteoporosis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in these patients. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and an increased risk of fractures, particularly in the lumbar spine and in patients with extramedullary hematopoiesis. It remains a significant problem in adult transfusion-dependent thalassemia, particularly in patients under chelation therapy. A fracture history is significantly associated with lower Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) T/Z scores, which decrease with age. Improved management and modern treatments for transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients with osteoporosis should be prioritized to prevent bone fractures and improve quality of life in older age.

Long-term consumption of pump inhibitors causes osteoporosis. Some possible mechanisms are gastrin over-secretion and hypochlorhydria. Octreotide is a somatostatin analog that inhibits the secretion of many hormones such as gastrin. This study aimed to assess the effects of pantoprazole on the bone when used with octreotide in an animal model. 

Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: A) pantoprazole 3 mg/Kg/day orally; B) Sandostatin LAR 1 mg/month intramuscular injection; C) Pantoprazole and Sandostatin LAR; and D) Control group. After 90 days of the experiment, bone densitometry was done and serum and urine samples were collected for analysis. 

The results indicated a significant decrease in the global, spine, femur, and tibia bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the pantoprazole group compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant increase in the levels of PTH, gastrin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the pantoprazole group compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum levels of gastrin, PTH, ALP, and also BMD in the rats that received sandostatin+ pantoprazole or sandostatin alone, compared to the control group.

This study showed that the pantoprazole-induced bone loss, through elevation of serum gastrin and PTH, was preventable by concomitant use of a long-acting somatostatin analog.

 Osteoporosis, as the most common bone-related disease, causes massive irrecoverable consequences for the health level and life quality of people, especially at advanced ages. The present research aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis and the correlation between drug consumption and osteoporosis. The present study is a cross-sectional study and is the first stage in the longitudinal Fasa branch of the PERSIAN cohort study.

 The subjects of the present cross-sectional-descriptive study consisted of all cohort populations of Fasa University of Medical Sciences (n=10123) who were chosen through census sampling. The data were collected through a demographic data form and medication checklist, and SPSS-22 was used to analyze the data.

 Among a total population of 10133, 994 had osteoporosis, of which 880 were women and 114 were men, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). The overall prevalence rate of osteoporosis was estimated to be 9.8%, and the mean age of people with osteoporosis was 56 years. The results demonstrated significant positive correlations among osteoporosis and age, gender, marital status, education, smoking, physical activity, alcohol use, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, and glucocorticoid steroid drugs (P<0.05).

 Identifying factors related to osteoporosis can be effective in adopting health promotion programs at all healthcare and prevention levels. Thus, the use of some drugs, such as corticosteroids, as an alarm and risk factor should be taken into consideration by specialists when adopting healthcare plans.