جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Toll-Like Receptors 9 » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The study was set up to investigate the role of Toll-like receptors-2 (TLR-2) in acne vulgaris. TLR-2 is a member of the innate immune system; it's a group of transmembrane receptors that recognize special microbial structures like pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) lead to the production of cytokine and inflammation. Ninety persons from both genders are included in the study, forty-five of them were patients and the same number was as control. Blood samples were taken from both groups and by using an ELISA kit, TLR-2 was estimated. The findings of the study referred that the adolescent, young adult and female gender was more effective in acne, and the male to female ratio was 1:1.25. Also, people with positive family history were more susceptible to acne. On the other hand, the results indicated there was a significant increase in sera levels of TLR-2 in patients with acne vulgaris compared to the controls group. Also, TLR-2 had a significant positive correlation with the severity of acne (p˃0.05, r=0.5). We concluded that adolescent, young adult, female gender, and positive family history appeared to be the most possible factors associated with acne vulgaris. Also, It's illustrated that the high levels of TLR-2 in acne and the positive correlation of TLR-2 with acne severity, revealed that TLR-2 has a role in the bad prognosis of acne vulgaris.

Neuroinflammation and immunopathology in Parkinson's disease (PD) are believed to be associated with genetic and environmental factors. We conducted the current study to evaluate the Toll-like receptors (TLR4 and TLR9) genes polymorphism in patients with Parkinson's disease in northern Iran. We extracted DNA from peripheral blood samples of 100 sporadic cases of Parkinson's disease and 100 healthy-matched controls with the mean age of 69.98 and 71.94 years, respectively. Subsequently, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TLR4 and TLR9 were genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). Results were confirmed employing Sanger sequencing. For the analysis of our data, we used SNPStats and SPSS 22 software. Our findings indicated that the allele distribution for rs352140 of TLR9 gene was significantly different in the PD group compared with the healthy controls (p=0.02). Moreover, rs352140 T allele was observed to be correlated with PD reduced risk (TT + TC vs. CC). The dominant rs352140 model was approved as the most acceptable inheritance model for fitting the data (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23-0.75, p=0.0031). Additionally, haplotype analysis revealed a significant correlation between TLR9 polymorphisms and Parkinson's disease. The results of this study indicated that rs352140T of TLR9 gene was a protective factor in Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, this SNP could be regarded as a prognostic factor. However, this conclusion should be confirmed by further investigations.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns and play a critical role in the innate immune response. Hosts should activate TLR-signaling pathways to eliminate invading pathogens. However, excessive activation of these pathways may interrupt immune homeostasis, leading to several diseases. Therefore precise regulation of TLR-signaling pathways is essential. Meanwhile, miRNAs (microRNAs) act similar to a class of small noncoding RNAs with gene regulatory functions. The regulation of TLR expression by miRNAs may be one of the valid points for targeting TLRs.
In this study, we predicted most of the microRNAs bind to the TLRs pathway in the chicken, based on the bioinformatic methods. All genes involved in the TLR signaling pathway in chicken species were extracted from the KEGG database (Entry: gga04620) and analyzed based on different applications.
We predicted 19 miRNAs for the 18 target genes of the TLR pathway that may provide essential clues for identifying novel drug targets for inflammatory diseases.
Substantial miRNA was found as gene regulators. As newly identified regulators, the performance mechanism of miRNAs in combination with other regulatory mechanisms will control the outcome of immune responses and these issues should be investigated in future studies

Vaccination is known as one of the effective methods for the prevention of infectious diseases. Birth season as an environmental factor can play an important role in the immune response to vaccines.

This study aimed to determine the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antibody (HBsAb), the expression of TLR2, 3 and 4 genes in response to the hepatitis B vaccine, and the birth season of children aged 3 - 5 years.

In this study, 72 children aged 3 - 5 years born in winter and summer (36 in each group) were enrolled for blood sample collection. Then, the HBsAb titer and TLR2, 3, and 4 were determined by the ELISA method and real-time PCR, respectively.

The results indicated that the expression of TLR2, 3, and 4 genes was higher in the winter-born group than in the summer-born group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (TLR2 P value = 0.5; TLR3 P value = 0.06; TLR4 P value = 0.16). The overall efficacy of HBsAb was 72.2%. The average level of antibody was greater in the summer-born group than in the winter-born group but this difference was not statistically significant (P value = 0.3).

Although TLR2, 3, and 4 expression levels were higher in the winter-born group than in the summer-born group and the antibody titer was higher in summer than in winter, these differences were not statistically significant. However, more research is needed to prove these relationships.

The human female reproductive tract (FRT) is constantly deal with the invading pathogens. Recognition of these pathogens is attributed to the family of Toll like receptors (TLR) as a major part of the innate immune system. We and others have previously revealed that TLRs1-6 express in the female reproductive tract. However, more studies should be done to detect TLRs 7-10 in the female reproductive tract, especially in the fallopian tubes.

To examine the expression of TLRs7-10 in human fallopian tube tissue.

Using immunostaining techniques, distribution of TLR7-10 was studied in surgical sections from the uterine tubes, obtained from patients undergoing tubal ligation and hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions. RT-PCR was used to show the existence of TLR7-10 genes in fallopian tube tissue.

TLR7-10 proteins were detected in the fallopian tube epithelium, although the intensity of staining was not equal in cases. TLR7-10 genes were expressed in human fallopian tube tissue.

This study indicates that TLR7-10 is expressed in fallopian tubes tissues, and may play an important role in microbial recognition, and in host defense against ascending infection.