Emergency Knowledge Evolution in Imami Theological School of Baghdad (From Nobakhties to Shaykh Tusi)

Iztirari (emergency) knowledge, as the belief of most Imami people in the theological schools of Qom and Kufa, changed gradually in the theological school of Baghdad. Tracing the evolutionary history of emergency knowledge in Baghdad suggests that from among Nobakhties, Abu Sahl Nobakhti held that all types of knowledge requires arguments and thus are Kasbi (acquisitive), but Abu Muhammad who did not consider all types of knowledge as emergency, consider the knowledge of God as permitted to be emergency or of acquisition. From the time of Nobakhties to the time of Shaykh Mufid, only a succinct statement of Abulqasim Kufi has been left which demonstrates that knowledge is of emergency quality. Finally, in the era of Shaykh Mufid and then Shaykh Tusi and Sayyid Murtada, emergency knowledge was denied outright, while acquisitive knowledge was highlighted.