A Study of Character Element and Indirect Characterization Methods in Najib Mahfouz " Zoqhq Almadaq" Novel

Najib Mahfouz is one of the prominent writers of Arabic fiction who was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1988. Kuche Madq is one of his most famous novels. Using events in a quarter called Madaq, he symbolically portrayed the difficult social and economic conditions of Egypt lower and middle-class people during the final years of World War II (1944-1945) and the British domination on the country. Najib Mahfouz has used all the fiction elements among which characterization is a key theme. In this study, the author tries to analyze the characters of the novel - minor and major, static and dynamic- among fiction elements, through the indirect characterization techniques (act, speech and labeling). The results indicate that the characters in this story are the real examples of people living in Egypt. Although the writer has used all characterization methods, he has mostly concentrated his attention on characterization via dialogue and naming.