A review in the biofouling threatening ship's hulls and offshore structures

Biofouling and Biodeterioration has created many environmental consequences on the blue expanse on Earth; because of the economic problems of the country and also against of their causes. Due to the daily increasing industries immersed in the sea and the maritime transportation industry; biological corrosion and ways to combat it, by maintaining of aquatic ecosystem, is taken into consideration of the scientists in developing countries. In view of the environmental consequences of using chemical control methods, each year scientists try to use of biological control methods rather than chemical methods due to the water ecosystem conditions in different regions of the earth. In this study was tried by analyzing the causes of biofouling, causes and economic consequences arising from it, ways to deal with this biological phenomenon, be considered with emphasis on biological control methods which has already been used in developed countries.