The archetypal criticism of the hero's journey in the story of «the seven trials of Esfandyar» based on Joseph Campbell's theory

The subject matter of this research is the analysis of the symbols used in the story of the seven trials of Esfandyar based on the theory of individuation process by Jung which finds expression in Joseph campbell’s theory of monomyth. In order to attain individuation, Campbell has considered a pattern for mythic heroes’ journey consisting of three main stages of departure, initiation, and return. The journey of Esfandyar in seven trials is examined according to this pattern and its minor stages. The Persian consciousness portrayed in Esfandyar’s profile is after Touran which is his unconscious. He journeys to this land. He who is a symbol of archetypal hero, attempts to unite with his unconscious within. With the aid of a wise mentor and occult forces, first in the seven trials Esfandyar accompanies the shadow, and then upon initiation and overcoming the carnal soul with three animas within attains unity. With a blessing acquired from this journey he returns to his society to gain power promised from the consciousness to reform and improve the society. The fact that Esfandyar later confronts Rostam and steps on a way with no return states the fact that in his exemplified journey he could not have united with his unconscious. Denied of the individuation process, together with his incomplete quest to reach wholeness, is the reason why he could not ascend the throne and unfortunately perishes half way through life.