Participatory action research: As the provider of communication action in public spheres

Action research is a self-collective type of research conducted by participants in social situations, in order to improve educational or social logic and justice in performance, as well as their understanding of these practices and situations in which these performances are done. Accordingly, all persons that the subject of the research is directly connected with their lives, should not be considered solely as a research topic, but should have active role in all stages of research and involve people as researcher in the study.
In this paper, first, the basics of paradigm, key features and most important traditions of the action research are studied, then while bring up the theory "communicative action and public sphere" of Jürgen Habermas, action research potential to create communicative action in public spheres are discussed.
Based on the results, action research is a communicative action that creates a public space among its participants. The process of action research is a mutual study in order to reach an intersubjective agreement, mutual understanding of a situation, non-coercive consensus about what should be done, and finally getting a sense that is rational and legitimate not only in the individual's idea but also in the mind of any rational person (universal claim). Moreover, action research is to create situations in which people can interact with each other and in more understandable ways, truer, and morally better ways achieve the current understanding and practice in the world.