A Comparative Study of the Theological Bases of Sayyed Qutb and the Salafiyyah in the Discussions of Monotheism and Excommunication

Investigation in Sayyed Qutb's writings reveals his deep conflicts with majority of the traditional Salafiyyah in explaining topics such as attributes monotheism. By a complete contradiction to the Salafis monotheistic foundations, he regards monotheism in sovereignty and legislation as the component of the concept of monotheism. Meanwhile, the most important point of Sayyed Qutb's claims turns to his emphasis on the involvement of acts in the excommunication (takfir) of one who rules according to what Allah does not revealed and the excommunication of the people who are ruled by him. Unlike the vast majority of thinkers of the two major Muslim sects, he imagined not practically committing of the divine commands as the replacement of commanding according to what Allah does not revealed and, indeed, he contributed an excommunication (takfiri) approach. In order to explain Sayyed Qutb's excommunication (takfiri) statements, this writing shows that his statement refers to the esoteric infidelity in that although he refuses of issuing a jurisprudential statement for belief excommunication and, on the basis of the nominal Islam of one who contradicts monotheism in sovereignty, he emphasizes on the social and religious rights of him, he considers him as an esoteric infidel and as deserving of otherworldly punishment just like the Hypocrites (Monafiqun). In other words, Sayyed's purpose of putting forward the issue of excommunication in legislation was only to warn the Muslim and nonMuslim societies against the consequences of infidelity in sovereignty monotheism and, by putting forward the issue of esoteric infidelity, at the same time he marked not committing to this concept, he kept himself away from stating against the contradictors of sovereignty monotheism as determined and external infidels.