Conditions and Manifestations of the Principle of Warning in Iranian Law and Imamiyah Jurisprudence

One of the important and practical jurisprudential principles is the principle of tahzir (warning) which is derived from a narration from Imam Sadiq (AS) about one of the judgments or legal decisions made by Imam Ali (AS). In this narration which says "He who has warned is excused", Imam Ali (AS) says, in an absolute way, that the person who has given a warning before hand is not liable. Thus, not only he is not punished, he is also not liable for blood money. Early and contemporary Muslim scholars have passed verdicts in the same way without showing any opposition. By going through textual and rational proofs of this principle and its special conditions, it is proved that the warner is not blameworthy and therefore, he is not liable from civil and criminal perspectives.