Analysis of Social and Physical Effects of Oil and Gas Industries on Surrounding Villages(Case Study: Tashan District, Behbahan)

This research investigates the socio-physical effects of oil and gas industries on the villages of Tashan district and recognizes the situation of villagers in the two periods before and after employment in this industry and seeking to measure the economic effects of oil industry on the socio-physical indicators of the rural environment and villagers. To analyze the data on the physical and social status of the villagers in the two periods before and after the employment of the villagers in the oil industry, SPSS software and McNemar, Quaker and Wilcoxon statistical tests were used. Data were collected from field studies and questionnaires, and from Cochran sampling method, 329 sample households were collected in villages over 23 households. The results showed a significant difference in the social and institutional indices of the employed rural population as well as in the rural environment before and after employment in the oil and gas industry. The performance of these industries has had a positive impact on housing development. However, these industries have been unsuccessful in increasing the incentive to survive and reduce the migration of villagers.