Effects of phosphorus on mycorrhizal dependency, growth characteristics and absorption of phosphorus in corn and soybeans.

Phosphorus deficiency in tropical and problems of high consumption of chemical fertilizers, the importance of addressing the coexistence of plants with soil microorganisms increases. For this purpose, an experiment in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and three replications was conducted. Experimental treatments included five levels of phosphorus (0 (P0), (P1) 25, (P2) 50, (P3) 75 and (P4) 100% of fertilizer) and two levels of presence (M1) and absence (M0) of Funneliformis mosseae. Statistical analysis showed that the effect of different levels of phosphorus and mycorrhiza on all measured traits were significant at the one percent level. By increasing the amount of phosphorus, mycorrhizal dependency and response and colonization in two plants was decreased but other traits measured by the amount of phosphorus and of mycorrhizae increased. Shoot dry weight (corn and soybean), root dry weight (corn), plant height, concentration and phosphorus uptake of both corn and soybeans in treatment P4M1 and P0M0 was highest and lowest, respectively. In most of the evaluated parameters, the biggest difference between absence and presence of mycorrhizae in P0 observed that a significant effect of mycorrhiza at the time of the low amount of elements, especially phosphorus. By increasing the amount of phosphorus, the difference between treatments with mycorrhiza than no treatment at all levels of fertilizer, fell. In each level of fertilizer, with increasing fertilization, the difference between treatments with mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal treatments was reduced.