Optimal combination of sending land and air emergency response during disaster with considering budget constraint

The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of emergency response forces on the number of survivors during the disaster. In this research, a model is presented to calculate the optimal number of forces for each mode depending on the available budget. Frank Wolff's algorithm was used to assign ground forces, and for more realism, the impact of post-disaster links failure was also considered in ground forces. The proposed model in this study was solved using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. One of the most important results of this study is the effectiveness of air mode in particular in high budgets and variable effectiveness of land forces in different budgets. Also, it has been shown that in lower budgets, the effect of budget increases is greater than high budgets. In other words, the increase in the number of survivors in the fixed amount of funding increases from 98% for low budgets to 2% for high budgets.