Effect of Shot Peening Parameters of AISI 420 on Stress and Roughness: An Analysis Using the Finite Element Method and the Response Surface Methodology

This paper aimed to study the process of shot peening using the combination of the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The shot velocity, shot diameter, coverage percentage and thickness are selected as process parameters. Residual compressive stresses and roughness are considered as response variables. Using FEA, shot peening is simulated and RSM is employed to determine the governing models between the response variables and the input parameters. The statistical analysis of the results reveals that: (1) the induced surface stress depends upon the coverage percentage and sample thickness, and it is independent of the shot velocity and shot diameter, (2) the maximum compression stress depends on the coverage percentage and shot diameter respectively, (3) the depth of maximum compressive stress depends on shot velocity and shot diameter respectively, (4) the depth of compressive stress is dependent on all four factors, (5) the roughness, Ra, is only dependent on the shot velocity. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data of the literature.