Comparison of Criminal Oath with Other Criminal Evidence

For the first time and in an admirable move in the history of criminal law legislation, the Iranian legislator enacted criminal evidence in a coherent manner in the Islamic Penal Code of 2013.Prior to the ratification of this law, criminal evidence was expressed in a scattered manner and in the form of separate articles.However, with the ratification of this law, a great transformation took place in the formulation of criminal evidence. Articles 160 to 216 of this law were devoted to criminal evidence, and of these, Articles 201 to 210 were devoted to oaths.
 This article examines criminal law, the available written sources, internet sites, files of these sources and compares oath with other criminal evidence in Iranian criminal law. The findings of this study indicate that comparing the oath with the confession, nine common and three different aspects were identified. Comparing oath with claimant swearing, thirteen common aspects have been identified, and comparing oath with testimony in criminal cases, seven common and six different aspects have been identified, while comparing oath with judge's knowledge, five common and five different aspects have been identified.