Interaction of Photograph and Poem in the Juxtaposition

This study involves analyzing the interaction of photography and literature in conjunction with each other. Researchers have already compared photography with painting or cinema, but the relationship between photography and literature is not addressed properly. This relationship goes back to the days of the invention of photography and has been evolving since then. With this intention, after describing the various aspects of the relationship between photography and literature in the world and Iran, the focus is on printed books in which a conjunction of photography and a kind of literary writing can be observed. In this research, documentary method for data collection and descriptive-analytical method for analyzing the samples have been used. The scope of this research includes the books published in Tehran from 1385 to 1395. Samples have been chosen selectively.In this study, it has been attempted to discover the specific features of photographs which were chosen to be juxtaposed with literary texts. Theories of "intertextuality" and "nature of photographs" have been used to analyze the samples and reach a conclusion. The intertextual attribute of the texts (in this case, the literature and the photos) allows them to be juxtaposed with each other, and the result of this conjunction is a new text and a new meaning. The findings of the research show that among the four levels defined in the theory of "the nature of photographs" for a photo, (namely physical level, level of presentation, mental level and mental design), an active and generative "mental level" is in common between all the photographs which are selected to accompany literary texts. In this accompaniment, the main elements of the "mental level" of the photograph can also be found in the theme of the literary text.