The Impact of Two Decades of Climate Drought (1991-2011) on Developmental Instability in Heshiwar Village, Darab County

Undoubtedly, the first step in tackling drought and its consequences is to understand and understand this phenomenon and its implications in different dimensions so that effective strategies and strategies can be formulated and applied. Since Heshivar village of Darab County is known as a village with good agricultural potential, the economy of these villages appears to be directly dependent on rainfall and water resources. The purpose of this study is to investigate and explain the effects of drought on rural economy and migration in Heshivar village of Darab County. The present study is descriptive-analytical and in nature it is a kind of applied research that the method of data collection is library and field. The statistical population of the study is 17 villages of Heshiwar village (8403 out of 10 villages with population of this village). The sample size was 286 according to Cochran formula. Inferential statistics (T-test) and validated standard precipitation (SPI) and percentage of normal precipitation (PNPI) were used for data analysis. The results based on the Spi index show that the study area has experienced moderate drought during the years of 2003, 2005 and 2008, and in the year of 1995 there has been a very severe wet season. Also according to PNPI index in the years 2001 and 2003 the region was experiencing poor drought and in the years of 1999, 2000, and 2007, there was severe drought and in 2005, 2008, there was a very severe drought. Droughts during this period have reduced the cultivation levels in the villages of Heshiwar and have led to the instability of development in the economic and social areas, especially the reduction of income and migration. According to a questionnaire, the effect of drought on the social and economic dimensions of the rural population in the study area, 73% believed very high impact, 25% high impact and 2% believed it to be less effective.