The Process of Authority for Successive Hadiths, Consensus, Manners and Fame in the Thoughts of Martyr Sadr1

Ambiguity in the proper explanation of some of the most widely used statements of Usul Fiqh (the principles of jurisprudence) always causes complexity in their understanding and application. A survey in the thoughts of the Usul Fiqh's experts shows that sometimes their proposed solutions do not have sufficient stability and explanation to achieve the goal. There are some evidence such as successive hadiths, consensus, manners and fame which are proposed based on their collective nature and relative involvement to make an reasoning authority, but they have an obscure process. Martyr Sadr has given a new direction to these reasons by naming them as means of inner proving for religious reason. In order to prove foretold examples, he has practiced the function of induction in logic and probability theory in mathematics, and with proposing a new division for certainty, finally considers these reasons as subjective certainty. This explanation, which has an innovative method without referring to the basic and obvious propositions in its proving course, has provided this capacity to propose and use these kind of Usul Fiqh statements in the other scientific matters as well.