The role of predicative sentences in Hafez’s poetry

In the present study, the underlying delicacy of Hafez’s poetry in skillfully expressing predicative sentences is taken into consideration by examining his masterful change of word order, compared to sentence word order as put forth in grammar books. To achieve this goal, by presenting theoretical ideas of experts in the field of Persian grammar and explaining their different opinions, this study has examined the skillful use and quality of predicative sentences in Hafez’s poems. The results of this research show that: 1) In Hafez's poems, a word can be both “predicate” and “subject” simultaneously; 2) “To be verbs” and their derivatives can be used ambiguously and simultaneously both as main and linking verb; 3) Predicative sentences are usually accompanied by equivocalness, and such subtle equivocalness is not usually noticeable; 4) The substitution of predicate and subject in most Hafez's poems is accompanied by a change of meaning