Phenotypic Evaluation and Characterization of Some of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) Cultivars

Every year new cultivars of Chrysanthemums modified with a high economic value. In order to study the genetic variation of some chrysanthemum cultivars using morphological markers, 17 quantitative trait were evaluated 20 varieties of chrysanthemums accordance with standard methods. The results of the data analysis for morphological traits showed that studied cultivars in most traits were significant differences in the level of one percent. The average comparison showed that "Elika" cultivar had a highest plant high, "Ramtin" cultivar had a highest number of flowers and "Gol-Giss" cultivar had a highest flower head diameter. Principal component analysis showed five main factors that had Eigen values greater than one, could be 77/10% of the total variation. Cluster analysis to determine how far and near these were drawn that into two main groups were divided, the "Farid", "Nadia 2" and "bolur" and "Ramtin" highest genetic similarity in the first group and also the "Fariba 2" and " kimia 3" in the second group had the highest genetic similarity. The results of this study showed that the number of lateral branches, number of flowers and leaves during the length of the petiole highest diversity was observed. The results showed that cultivars diversity of these figures are very high and can be used in programs of breeding chrysanthemums in the future.