Ab Initio Study of Mono-Layer Graphene as an Electronical or Optical Sensor for Detecting atoms in the second row of the periodic table

first principles calculation, we investigate electronic and optical properties of graphene with B, N, O and F adsorption. For the adatom studied the distortion of the graphene layer is quite significant and cause to change hybridization from sp2 to sp3 also we found that B, F and O adsorptions are n-type, p-type and direct semiconductor respectively while N adsorption has a metal behavior. N absorbed graphene show magnetic moment, while B, O and F absorbed graphene exhibit no magnetic moment. The absorption spectrum of monolayer graphene have been calculated for the cases of in plane (E⊥c), out of plane (E‖c) polarization of light and 45° to the plane of graphene layer and compared with atom adsorption on graphene and it was observed that For the case of (E⊥c) the graphene is an optical sensor for finding F atom and in the case of (E‖c) it is an optical sensor to find B atom in environment.