Simulation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles in order to estimate its use in photothermal therapy with use of laser

One of the non-invasive methods of cancer treatment is photothermal laser therapy. Adding metal nanospheres and nanorods to tissue improves the healing process. On the other hand, temperature control is also essential to maintain healthy tissue. This article investigates the process of cancer treatment using laser and cobalt oxide nanoparticles as well as iron and copper metals. For this, we consider cobalt oxide nanospheres in a spherical cancer cell; Then, a number of cylindrical cobalt oxide nanorods are regarded in an aqueous hemisphere (as a cancer cell) and simulated with the help of COMSOL finite element approximation software. Appropriate boundary conditions are important for heat transfer on internal and external surfaces and temperature distribution should be obtained in different parts of the cell and nanoparticles. In addition, we investigated the magnetic and non-magnetic effects of iron and copper metals with the same laser intensity and similar boundary conditions. The calculation results show that the average temperature of the cell water volume during the first 0.8 microseconds of irradiation in the presence of cobalt oxide nanospheres is 43 degrees Celsius; also, in the presence of cobalt oxide nanorods, it reaches a temperature of 53 degrees Celsius. The average temperature of the water volume of the cell reaches 100 degrees Celsius in the presence of iron nanospheres and 100 degrees Celsius in the presence of copper nanorods with a steeper slope.