Numerical and experimental comparison of deep drawing process of the square sample with rubber matrix and metal die

The deep drawing process is a widely used method for producing metal sheet parts. The main cost of the die in this method is to make the matrix. Using rubber matrix saves construction time and production cost. Controlling the deformation of rubber and blank is one of the important issues in this method. Therefore, in this article, a comparison has been made between the parts produced by metal and rubber dies. In the following, three-dimensional simulations have been performed using the finite element method and hyper elastic model. The simulation results showed that placing an intermediate ring between the rubber and the blank causes a significant improvement in the production parts and better control of the behavior of the blank and rubber during deformation. For verification, a die with rubber components and also a die with a metal matrix were made, and experimental tests were performed for the steel material. The dies were made based on the primary spacing technique instead of the spring and blank holding system. The maximum percentage of thinning, the percentage of equivalent plastic strain, shrinkage, tearing, and the force on the metal mandrel have been investigated and compared in two types of dies for steel workpieces