Evaluation of Visual Aesthetic Components on Urban Environment Quality of Urban public space (Case Study: Azimieh Karaj)

Paying attention to the beauty factors of landscape, city view, and quality of urban environment more than anything else causes the life of the city and the healthy life of the citizens of that city. The beauty of urban space is a quality in the body and spirit of the urban environment that citizens create against emotional experiences of their environment in their souls and souls. Emotions that occur as personal experiences or emotional states towards the constituents of the urban environment require this objective beauty of coordination between visual manifestations of citizens' activities and environmental factors. Karaj due to the existence of areas such as Moradab Hill and Hosseinabad which have been imposed as an unexpected patch in the heart of this region has faced a space of visual turbulence, homogeneity, and environmental pollution in the neighboring areas of these two neighborhoods. These two neighborhoods, especially the poor esteemed Moradab Hill with informal accommodation, have encompassed a wide area of Azimiyeh, which has disrupted the integration and valuation of a point for the quality, environmental well-being, and beauty of the region. Moradab Hill or Zorabad with small, worn, and inappropriate buildings in terms of health and technical, steep slope of the area, without a coherent urban system and inappropriate coverage of houses, has become an inappropriate form of residence for the desired area, and Karaj City.

The dominant approach is qualitative and quantitative research and its type is cognitive. The nature of the research is a descriptive-survey, which is a comparative lyrical evaluation of urban space in thirteen indicator areas in  the Azimiyeh area of Karaj City. Theoretical and background information was prepared from library sources and data were collected through direct observation. Observational checklist expression has been used to adjust the components. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the Waikor ranking technique was used to rank neighborhoods. The method was that the researcher visited the known areas of the study area two times day and night. The determined indicators of urban environment quality were higher than 0.7 and visual aesthetic components of the city were higher than 0.8 and the reliability of the tracks was 0.702 using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which is appropriate and acceptable and measured using SPSS software. In order to analyze the relationship between visual aesthetic components and urban environment quality, SPSS software and correlation test have been used and the Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyze the hypothesis about the existence of significant differences between the components of visual aesthetics and environmental quality in thirteen neighborhoods in Azimiyeh, Karaj, due to the normality of the data. In the next step, using multi-point decision-making techniques and choosing the Vikor ranking technique, thirteen neighborhoods are ranked based on urban environment quality and visual aesthetics variables. In a GIS environment, each of the indicators is defined as a field and the figure of each of the related indicators is entered to form an information layer related to the indicators and draw spatial distribution maps. Using descriptive tables in a GIS environment and statistical calculations of the beauty status of the cityscape in thirteen neighborhoods, it has been analyzed.    

14 In terms of visual beauty components of neighborhood 1 (Esbly Street), neighborhood 8 (Mehran Street) ranked second, neighborhood 2 (Resalat Street) ranked third, and neighborhood 9 (Acacia Boulevard) ranked fourth and environmental quality for citizens in these neighborhoods was evaluated very appropriate. Also, neighborhoods (13, 4,5) had a very poor situation in terms of beauty and environmental quality components, respectively. It should be noted that the results of studying visual beauty components with environmental quality components have a very high overlap. Most of the neighborhoods that had lower rank in terms of urban environment quality (13, 5, 4) were jointly lower in terms of visual beauty, therefore, the first part of the research findings are confirmed in some way and visual beauty is related to environmental quality.

The component of the transportation network has a significant relationship with the components of conservation of historical monuments, restoration, human scale, texture burnout, and lighting has no significant relationship with other components of environmental beauty. The environmental health component has a significant relationship with other components of environmental beauty except for lighting components, elements, geometric volumes, and building diversity. The low component of noise pollution has a significant relationship with components of spatial pleasure, relaxation, naturalism, building façade, and human scale. The author of commercial services distribution has a significant relationship with the components of naturalism and organic design, building diversity, lighting, and creativity. Then, these two groups of variables were investigated in thirteen neighborhoods and the results showed that there is a significant difference between all components of urban environment quality except transportation network quality and accessibility in 13 Azimieh neighborhoods. Also, the sig index is zero in all components of visual beauty and is less than the significance level of 0.05, therefore, there is a significant difference between visual beauty components at the level of thirteen neighborhoods, i.e. neighborhoods differ in terms of visual beauty indicators and can be ranked based on these indicators. It should be noted that the results of visual beauty components with environmental quality components have a very high overlap. Most of the areas with lower rank in terms of urban environment quality (13, 5, 4) were jointly lower in terms of visual beauty, therefore, the first part of the research findings are confirmed in some way and visual beauty is related to environmental quality. Therefore, the first part of the research findings is confirmed in some way and visual beauty is related to environmental quality. The urban environment, the environment, and the formation of our identity, so it is necessary to optimize the urban environment in which the justice of citizens' rights is respected.