Reading the geometric patterns used in the buildings and carpets of the Timurid- Turkmani period

The era of Turkman and Timurid rule stands as one of the most illustrious periods of Islamic civilization, characterized by a flourishing of art and architecture. A prominent feature of Timurid-Turkman architecture is the extensive use of geometry, which manifests in the grandeur and verticality of the buildings from this era. Additionally, the employment of geometric patterns experienced significant growth during this period. This scientific approach found applications in architecture, art, and even in the construction of buildings and related industries like carpet weaving. The Timurid-Turkman period can be regarded as the final epoch in which strong, intricate knots and geometric patterns were prevalent. In subsequent periods, the presence of geometric patterns in architectural decorations diminished. Based on this premise, the present research aims to analyze the presence of geometry and identify pattern similarities between the designs of Timurid-Turkman carpets and the architectural structures of that era. This analysis will be conducted using a historical-analytical-descriptive approach, relying on historical and library sources. The article seeks to examine the geometric patterns employed in the buildings and carpets of the Timurid-Turkman period. The central claim of this article is to demonstrate that the architecture and industries of this era drew inspiration from geometry and geometric patterns. This claim is closely tied to the underlying assumption that not only the carpets from the Timurid-Turkman period but also other types of designs can be found in illustrated manuscripts and workshop records. Geometric designs can be traced back to various dates throughout the century, encompassing the courts of the Timurid-Turkman rulers.