Do Changes in Blood Sugar, Electrolytes and Blood Pressure Cause Cognitive Disorders in Patients Candidates for General Surgery Under General Anesthesia? A Review Study

Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, electrolytes and blood pressure cause cognitive disorders in patients who are candidates for general surgery under general anesthesia or not?

This article was carried out using a non-systematic and descriptive review method; Unsystematic method by searching without any restrictions in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline and PubMed using keywords selected based on the mesh including: Blood sugar, glucose, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, general anesthesia, surgery, surgery general, pain, electrolyte, vitamin, blood pressure, cognitive impairment, post-surgery and delirium were done.

A total of 38 articles were found (12 articles related to the relationship between blood glucose and cognitive disorders, 13 articles about electrolytes and cognitive disorders, and 13 articles about blood pressure and cognitive disorders) and it was evaluated that these articles they were published from 2005 (one article) to 2022.

The changes and fluctuations of blood sugar, electrolytes and blood pressure during general anesthesia in patients who are candidates for general surgery are one of the important and fundamental factors in the occurrence of cognitive disorders after surgery; Therefore, preventive measures should be considered for all patients.