Kidney Calculi in Iranian Children: A Multicentric Report

Studies on the prevalence of kidney stones in Iranian children are limited. Children with nephrolithiasis have a high risk of recurrent stones; therefore, a thorough evaluation is warranted. Due to the paucity of data on Iranian children, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of kidney stones in this population.

This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of kidney stones among outpatients and inpatients at various university centers in Iran from March to December 2019. Twenty-six pediatric nephrologists from 13 centers participated and completed a questionnaire on the total number of inpatients and outpatients and the number of patients with kidney stones. The diagnosis was based on radiological results.

A total of 97 912 patients were included, with 20327 hospitalized and 77585 outpatients. Of all patients, 2.86% had kidney stones, the prevalence of which was 1.5% in inpatients and 3.2% in outpatients. This figure is about 1% more than Iran’s past reports. Inpatient stones in Kerman City, Iran (3.65%) and outpatients in Zahedan City, Iran (16.4%)