Numerical analysis of heat transfer and fluid flow inside a tubeinserted of porous media and the use of nanofluid

Nowadays, the issue of increasing efficiency and improving energy consumption in industry has become more and more important to researchers. For this reason, in this study, a numerical analysis of heat transfer and fluid flow inside a tube containing a porous medium and the use of nanofluids were performed. Simultaneous use of porous structure and nanofluid as a fluid is one of the innovations of this research that significantly increases heat transfer in the pipe. The modeling was performed in two dimensions with the assumption of slow flow, at a constant temperature and with the presence of water-silver nanofluid to improve heat transfer. The main purpose of this study was to achieve the minimum coefficient of friction and the maximum Nusselt number at the same time as two opposing objectives to reduce the flow resistance in the pipe and increase heat transfer. Speed ​​profiles; Two-dimensional tube pressure and temperature were obtained in volume fraction, porosity coefficient and different Darcy numbers. Then the Nusselt number and the coefficient of friction were investigated. The results of this study showed that by decreasing the Darcy number, the value of the Nusselt number increases. Also, the amount of coefficient of friction has increased somewhat. The reason for the increase in heat transfer can be related to the increased interaction between the nanofluid and the porous material. In fact, larger Darcy numbers have lower energy recovery rates than wasted energy. Another reason for the increase in Nusselt number is the decrease in temperature. The reason for the increase in the coefficient of friction can also be related to the increase in speed, pressure and Reynolds number along the pipe.